GES175, Science of Soils Lecture 9 SULFUR.

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GES175, Science of Soils Lecture 9 SULFUR

Relevance of Soil Sulfur Slide 9.2 Relevance of Soil Sulfur * Used in amino acids, vitamins * Plant Deficiency u small and spindly plants u yellowish leaves (new tissue) * Environmental Problems: u acidification - acid rain - sulfide oxidation

Sulfur Cycle Slide 9.3 plants & animals SO4-2 2. Immobilization 4 organic-S 3 4. reduction (So) S-2 1. mineralization 3. Oxidation

S oxidation and reduction? Slide 9.4 S oxidation and reduction?

Acid Mine Drainage

Result of Acid Mine Drainage

S oxidation and Reduction Slide 9.7 S oxidation and Reduction * Oxidation S-2 ¾(O2)® SO4-2 * Autotrophic microorganisms u energy obtained from S oxidation * Acid producing process u S or S-2 ¾® H2SO4

Reduction SO4-2 ¾¾® So ¾¾® S-2 * Anaerobic process Slide 9.8 Reduction + e- + e- SO4-2 ¾¾® So ¾¾® S-2 * Anaerobic process u organisms use S in place of O2 as a terminal e- acceptor u “sulfate reducing bacteria” (obligate anaerobes)

* mostly, heterotrophic organisms Slide 9.9 Reduction (cont’d) * S-2 can be toxic u forms H2S gas u reacts with Pb, Cd, Zn Þ insoluble compounds * mostly, heterotrophic organisms u require OM for energy source