Addition Written Methods

Written Methods Throughout their years at school, children should progress from informal jottings and number line methods to formal efficient written methods. By the end of Year 3, children should be confident using short efficient written methods for all four operations + - x ÷ Children become secure with these methods with regular practice and should be able to apply skills to problem solving.

7 + 6 34 + 23 Blank Number Line + 3 + 3 7 10 13 3 + 3 + 20 + 3 34 54 An empty number line helps children to add on amounts bridging a multiple of ten. Children must have an understanding of partitioning. 7 + 6 34 + 23 + 3 + 3 7 10 13 3 + 3 + 20 + 3 34 54 57 20 + 3

Your Turn! Can you use a blank number line to solve these additions? 43 + 25 = 51 + 36 = 124 + 43 =

33 + 26 134 + 27 Expanded Method + + 3 0 + 3 2 0 + 6 5 0 + 9 = 5 9 Expanded method is completed in preparation for the short efficient written method. Children need to be secure in partitioning numbers. 3 0 + 3 2 0 + 6 5 0 + 9 = 5 9 33 + 26 134 + 27 + 30 + 3 20 + 6 1 0 0 + 3 0 + 4 2 0 + 7 1 0 0 + 5 0 + 1 1 = 1 6 1 + 100+30+4 20 + 7

Your Turn! Can you use the expanded method to solve these additions? 36 + 22 = 45 + 36 = 166 + 23 =

Column Addition Expanded method leads onto a compact efficient written method. This method requires a solid understanding of place value. T U 4 5 2 3 6 8 T U 5 7 3 5 9 2 H T U 2 7 8 5 6 3 3 4 + + + 1 1 1

T U 4 2 + 3 5 = + Column Addition Rules of column addition: Start with the biggest number Align the columns H T U Add from the units first Carry tens below the answer line of the next column Add on carried tens T U 4 2 + 3 5 = +

Column Addition Once children are confident using the compact method of column addition for whole numbers, it progresses on to decimal amounts with money. £1.45 + 23p £1.38 + £2.35 £ 1 . 4 5 . 2 3 £ 1 . 6 8 £ 1 . 3 8 £ 2 . 3 5 £ 3 . 7 3 + + 1

Your Turn! Can you use the column method to solve these additions? 3 7 + 4 5 = 2 3 8 + 3 6 = £ 2 . 5 6 + 3 7 p =