UNDERSTANDING ITS FOUNDATIONS AND ITS COMPLEXITIES SOCIETY UNDERSTANDING ITS FOUNDATIONS AND ITS COMPLEXITIES

1. CULTURE Material Non-Material

The Social Behaviors we most commonly expect to encounter 2. NORMS The Social Behaviors we most commonly expect to encounter

LEVELS OF NORMS Morés Customs Folkways

NEGATIVE RESPONSES FOR FAILURE TO CONFORM TO NORMS Sanctions Stigma

SOCIETIES ARE DIVERSE Encounters between diverse social groups lead to social responses that may be positive or negative in their impact

CULTURE SHOCK Encountering Behavior so different from the norm it is difficult to understand or accept

CULTURAL RELATIVISM Analysis in which judgment emerges finding behavior that is acceptable in one society may not be acceptable in others

ETHNOCENTRIC COMPARISON AND JUDGMENT Comparing cultures using one’s own culture as the standard for comparison

A Product of Culture Shock, Relativism and Ethnocentric Judgment BLAME ANALYSIS A Product of Culture Shock, Relativism and Ethnocentric Judgment Blaming Those Who are Visible and Different

All of the Preceding are essential to understanding the Development of Society, and understanding processes of Socialization

The process(es) of learning to be a member of society; SOCIALIZATION The process(es) of learning to be a member of society; a social performer

THE SOCIALIZATION PROCESS Lifelong Complex Product of Numerous and Diverse Variables

VARIABLES OF THE SOCIALIZATION PROCESS INDIVIDUAL AGENCY

INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS OF SELF

Unique Individual Experience Gender Age Race Ethnicity Unique Individual Experience

Structural Forces with Authority and Power AGENCY Structural Forces with Authority and Power

LAW ENFORCEMENT FAMILY EDUCATION SYSTEM LAW – GOVERNMENT / DMV CORPORATE STRUCTURES MASS MEDIA RELIGION HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

STRATIFICATION – DIVISION OF SOCIETY INTO MEASURABLE LAYERS CLASS STATUS

STRATIFICATION AND CLASS The Measurable Division of Society

Two Primary Questions to Address: Why does stratification occur? How does stratification occur?

SOCIO-HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Slavery Caste Estate System Social Class System

ECONOMICALLY BASED SOCIAL CLASS POSITION WITHIN THE SOCIAL CLASS SYSTEM IS: FLUID ACHIEVED ECONOMICALLY BASED LARGE SCALE AND IMPERSONAL

THE REALITY OF SOCIAL CLASS CLASS DIVISIONS ARE REAL, ARE POWERFUL IN THEIR SOCIAL IMPACT, AND ARE MEASURED BY: INCOME PERSONAL WEALTH

DIVISION BY INCOME INCOME CHANGE SINCE 1999: WEALTHIEST 1% SAW INCOME RISE AVG. OF 9% BOTTOM 20% SAW INCOME DECLINE 2.5% MIDDLE 20% SAW INCOME RISE 1.3%

DIVISION BY INCOME INCOME GAP SINCE 1999: TOP 20% EARNED 7x THAT OF POOREST 20% WEALTHIEST EXPERIENCING INCOME GROWTH AT DOUBLE THAT OF THE MIDDLE CLASS

DIVISION BY INCOME TOP 1% EARNED 21.2% OF INCOME (1/100 EARNED 1/5 OF INCOME) TOP 10% EARNED 46.44% OF INCOME BOTTOM 50% EARNED 12.83% OF INCOME

DIVISION OF WEALTH DATA TAKEN FROM FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD CONCENTRATION OF WEALTH AMONG A SMALL NUMBER OF FAMILIES

SOCIAL MOBILITY VERTICAL MOVEMENT IS ANTICIPATED AND EXPECTED INTRAGENERATIONAL INTERGENERATIONAL MOVEMENT IS BASED ON STRUCTURE AND EXCHANGE

THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIAL STRATIFICATION Conflict Theory – Economically Based; Class System Dominates Based on Control Systems Functional Theory – Based on Social Imbalance, beginning with Industrialization Symbolic Interaction Theory – Based on and Perpetuated by Perceivable Differences; Weber introduces concept of Status as Mitigator of Power of Social Class