Origins of the Industrial Revolution

Life Before Industrialization Small Agricultural Communities Rural Communities Self Sustaining

Agricultural Revolution Changes in Agriculture Enclosure Movement-Practice of Fencing off land into individual holdings Jethro Tull invented a seed drill that made it possible to farm straight rows of crops Crop Rotation process of rotating crops of different kinds to preserve soil. Later Machines replaced many workers Urbanization- growth of cities

Factors of Production Industrial Revolution- era of rapid industrial development Began in Great Britain which had a favorable combination of needed factors Factors of Production Land Capital Labor

Textile Industry 1600s men and women in England spun thread and wove cloth by hand in their homes. Mechanization automated machinery used to speed up production Spinning Wheel>Spinning Jenny>Spinning Mill Factory System- production of goods in a factory through use of machines Eli Whitney- inventor of the cotton gin and interchangeable parts

Steam, Iron, and Steel Early machines were driven by water power. James Watt responsible for improving steam power so that it could be used in many areas More machines meant more iron was needed Steam Engines often exploded because Henry Bessemer develops a cheap efficient way of making steel called the Bessemer Process

Other Industrialization British Manufacturers applied new technology to other industries Production of Shoes, clothing, ammunition, and furniture were mechanized Printing, papermaking, lumber, and food processing

Transportation Transportation had changed little between the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution Stagecoaches, packhorses, horse drawn wagons Watt’s steam engine used to speed up transportation. Steam Locomotive Robert Fulton- First person to build a profitable Steam Boat