Stanley E. Rittgers, PhD, Mark C.S. Shu, PhD

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Presentation transcript:

Doppler color-flow images from a stenosed arterial model: Interpretation of flow patterns Stanley E. Rittgers, PhD, Mark C.S. Shu, PhD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages 511-522 (November 1990) DOI: 10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Pulsatile flow model system with stenotic test section, hydrogen bubble flow visualization technique, and Doppler color-flow mapping device. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Diagram of hydrogen bubble flow visualization images up to 5 diameters downstream from a symmetric 20% diameter reduction. Flow sequence is shown from top to bottom as just before peak systole, peak systole, mid-deceleration phase, and late diastole, respectively. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Diagram of hydrogen bubble flow visualization images up to 5 diameters downstream from a symmetric 40% diameter reduction. Flow sequence is shown from top to bottom as just before peak systole, peak systole, mid-deceleration phase, and late diastole, respectively. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Diagram of hydrogen bubble flow visualization images up to 5 diameters downstream from a symmetric 60% diameter reduction. Flow sequence is shown from top to bottom as just before peak systole, peak systole, mid-deceleration phase, and late diastole, respectively. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Diagram of hydrogen bubble flow visualization images up to 5 diameters downstream from a symmetric 80% diameter reduction. Flow sequence is shown from top to bottom as just before peak systole, peak systole, mid-deceleration phase, and late diastole, respectively. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Doppler color-flow maps up to 2 diameters downstream of a 0% stenosis. The measurement “window” displays velocities within one half of the tube diameter from the centerline (top) to the tube wall (bottom) over a distance of 4 cm downstream. Doppler color-flow mapping images are shown at four time intervals within the flow cycle starting at peak velocity (a) and at successive one quarter cycle intervals (b-d). Velocity ranges from −9 cm/second (blue) to 15 cm/second (red). Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Doppler color-flow maps up to 2 diameters downstream of a 20% stenosis. The measurement “window” displays velocities within one half of the tube diameter from the centerline (top) to the tube wall (bottom) over a distance of 4 cm downstream. Doppler color-flow mapping images are shown at four time intervals within the flow cycle starting at peak velocity (a) and at successive one quarter cycle intervals (b-d). Velocity ranges from −38 cm/second (blue) to 60 cm/second (red). Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 8 Doppler color-flow maps up to 2 diameters downstream of a 40% stenosis. The measurement “window” displays velocities within one half of the tube diameter from the centerline (top) to the tube wall (bottom) over a distance of 4 cm downstream. Doppler color-flow mapping images are shown at four time intervals within the flow cycle starting at peak velocity (a) and at successive one quarter cycle intervals (b-d). Velocity ranges from −16 cm/second (blue) to 48 cm/second (red). Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 9 Doppler color-flow maps up to 2 diameters downstream of a 60% stenosis. The measurement “window” displays velocities within one half of the tube diameter from the centerline (top) to the tube wall (bottom) over a distance of 4 cm downstream. Doppler color-flow mapping images are shown at four time intervals within the flow cycle starting at peak velocity (a) and at successive one quarter cycle intervals (b-d). Velocity ranges from −48 cm/second (blue) to 80 cm/second (red). Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 10 Doppler color-flow maps up to 2 diameters downstream of a 80% stenosis. The measurement “window” displays velocities within one half of the tube diameter from the centerline (top) to the tube wall (bottom) over a distance of 4 cm downstream. Doppler color-flow mapping images are shown at four time intervals within the flow cycle starting at peak velocity (a) and at successive one quarter cycle intervals (b-d). Velocity ranges from −32 cm/second (blue) to 96 cm/second (red). Journal of Vascular Surgery 1990 12, 511-522DOI: (10.1016/0741-5214(90)90002-R) Copyright © 1990 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions