World Civ Mr. Broderick Things to do: Things to Get: Handouts from the top of the cart Things to do: Opener Intro Application Notes: Intro to Renaissance, City States and Social Structure. City States Machiavelli Exit Slip By the end of class, I can explain the structures of city-states, family organization, and major ideas of the Renaissance . Make sure you are still sitting in your ASSIGNED seat!

Opener: Renaissance Introduction http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0CRX_mqpzdU

Opener: Renaissance Review 1) Where did the Renaissance start? 2) What does the term “Renaissance” mean? 3) Why was da Vinci a Renaissance man? 4) The Divine Comedy was written by whom? 5) What was Michelangelo’s main medium? 6) Who supported the idea that girls should gain an education? 7) Name one Shakespeare play. 8) Name one great Renaissance thinker. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0CRX_mqpzdU

The Italian renaissance

What major ideas developed during this period? Art as a powerful form of communication Rejection of Medieval ideas in favor of Humanism Increased trade and banking operations (Medici) Protestant Reformation Catholic (Counter) Reformation Emphasis on Greek and Roman ideas (rebirth) European style family Married later in life Emphasis on nuclear families Limit birth rates Increase in city populations Johannes Gutenberg (printing press) introduced moveable type.

Most Important Characteristics Urban Society City states became the centers of Italian political, economic, and social life Secularism: Worldly, non-religious viewpoint emerged. New money- new ability to enjoy material things Period of Recovery Plague, political instability, and decline of church power Natural warming of the planet provided abundant food sources in Europe. Renewed interest in classical culture Humanism A high regard for human worth and a realization of what humans could achieve

Application: Secular Humanism While you complete this reading activity please have the following out where I can check it: 1. Religion Intro, Hinduism and Buddhism 2. Islam 3. Judaism 4.Christianity and Chart Complete the handout entitled, “Secular Humanism” in your notes. Time allotted: 10 minutes

Tied Paragraph In Italy secular humanism was influential in the development of Renaissance thinking. Secular humanism influenced thinking in art, math, philosophy, government, anatomy, and astronomy instead of religion. In astronomy Copernicus stated that the earth revolves around the sun, which offended the church. By saying the earth revolved around the sun, the placement of heaven and hell was put into question.

Renaissance society The Nobility Peasants Townspeople Earned their money by owning land 2-3% of the population Held important political posts and served as advisors to the King The perfect noble was someone who served his prince effectively and honestly Peasants 85-90% of the total European population Became legally free from serfdom Paid rent on land Townspeople Patricians earned wealth from trade, industry, and banking Allowed them to dominate their communities economically, socially, and politically (Medici’s were so successful they were almost royalty) Below patricians: shopkeepers, artisans, guild masters, and individuals who provided goods and services to fellow towns people

Family and marriage Family structure was security Arranged marriages To strengthen business or family ties Could be determined around 2 to 3 years old Dowry Father/husband Center of the family Managed all finances Made decisions that determined the children’s lives Children became adults when father’s went to court and legally freed them Mother/wife Supervise the household

Development of City “STATES”

Italian city states Italy didn’t have a centralized monarchical state, so city-states were independent. City-state: a city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside Major trading centers during the Middle Age and Renaissance Major city-states: Milan, Venice, and Florence Articles on Italian city-states

Italian Wars Italy’s riches were desired by the rest of Europe French King Charles VIII led an army and occupied Naples in 1491 Spanish came to lend a hand and French and Spanish soldiers fought in Italy for 30 years 1527: The sack of Rome by the armies of Charles I ended the Italian Wars

Machiavelli and Statecraft Wrote “The Prince” How to acquire and keep power Abandoned morality in politics. “Lesser of two evils”

Machiavelli’s Ruthlessness Quotes from The Prince “If an injury has to be done to a man it should be so severe that his vengeance need not be feared.” ― Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince “The lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves. One must therefore be a fox to recognize traps, and a lion to frighten wolves.” ― Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince “It is much safer to be feared than loved because ...love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is broken at every opportunity for their advantage; but fear preserves you by a dread of punishment which never fails.” ― Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince “Never attempt to win by force what can be won by deception.” ― Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince “Of mankind we may say in general they are fickle, hypocritical, and greedy of gain.” ― Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince

Quiz: How Machiavellian are you? Do you have what it takes to be a successful leader according to Machiavelli? http://www.myteacherpages.com/webpages/SStein/files/machiavelli%20worksheet1.pdf

How to tally the results:

Renaissance Themes: Impact on Society Banking techniques improved and became profit seeking City-state leaders experimented with new political forms and functions Focused on what they could do for the general well-being and their city’s glory Sponsored cultural activities Professional armies with emphasis on tactics and training Diplomacy developed

Exit Slip What does the term “Renaissance” mean? Define secularism. What was the social organization of Renaissance Italy? Describe the role of the father in a Renaissance family. Summarize the political advice of Machiavelli.