A simple function.

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Presentation transcript:

A simple function

1. Call by Value

1. Call by Value

2. Call by address

2. Call by address

Pointer Example : 1

Example of a simple Reference

Example of Reference in a function

3. Call by Reference

3. Call by Reference

2.1 References (or Aliases) (&) Recall that C/C++ use & to denote the address-of operator in an expression. C++ assigns an additional meaning to & in declaration to declare a reference variable. The meaning of symbol & is different in an expression and in a declaration. When it is used in an expression, & denotes the address-of operator, which returns the address of a variable, e.g., if number is an int variable, &number returns the address of the variable number (this has been described in the above section). Howeve, when & is used in a declaration (including function formal parameters), it is part of the type identifier and is used to declare a reference variable (or reference or alias or alternate name). It is used to provide another name, or another reference, or alias to an existing variable. The syntax is as follow:

References