New ventilators for the ICU—usefulness of lung performance reporting

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New ventilators for the ICU—usefulness of lung performance reporting Macnaughton P.D. British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 97, Issue 1, Pages 57-63 (July 2006) DOI: 10.1093/bja/ael115 Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Pressure and flow curves during constant flow ventilation: tidal volume (Vt)= V ˙ ×I time (constant flow inflation); total respiratory system static compliance (Crs,st)=Vt/(P2−Pexp); total respiratory system dynamic compliance (Crs,dyn)=Vt/(P1−Pexp); airway resistance min (Raw)=(Ppeak−P1)/ V ˙ ; airway resistance max (Raw)=(Ppeak−P2)/ V ˙ . British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 57-63DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael115) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Static PV curve. LIP defines optimal PEEP level while UIP defines maximal lung inflation pressure (end inspiratory pressure). British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 57-63DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael115) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Dynostatic alveolar PV curve. Alveolar pressure is calculated according to the equation: Pdynostatic=(Pexp× V ˙ insp −Pinsp× V ˙ exp )/( V ˙ insp − V ˙ exp ). Every point on the dynostatic curve (Pxdyn) is calculated using pressure and flow values at isovolume levels (indicated by broken lines) during inspiration and expiration in the tracheal P/V loop. Reproduced from Karason and colleagues, with permission from Blackwell Publishing.44 British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 57-63DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael115) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Single breath expiratory volumetric capnogram. Vdphys/Vt= ( P a CO 2 − P E ′ CO 2 )/ P a CO 2 ; Vdalv/Vt =Vdphys/Vt−Vdaw/Vt. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2006 97, 57-63DOI: (10.1093/bja/ael115) Copyright © 2006 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions