Bad Joke of the Day: How do you wake up Lady Gaga? Bellringer Have your homework out so I can see it. On a page that will become page 28 in your notebook: Write down the unscrambled word and quickly write down how it relates to exploration.  Example- AD MAAG- 1.       Da Gama- from Portugal, route to India   1. AKEDR 2. ZEORTC 3. IZPAOZR 4. IERARCT 5. LLGAMEAN 6. TIACITHRISNY 7. INPCER YHENR 8. ASPIN 9. LLAMS OXP 10. LACAVRAL PIHS 11. YROVI 12. LODG 13. ASCOMPS Bad Joke of the Day: How do you wake up Lady Gaga?

Bellringer 10/15/09 On page 31 in your notebook, write down the questions below and answer them: What was the Columbian Exchange? Name three foods we would not have in America today without the Columbian Exchange List 5 things you know about slavery in America.

The Impact of the Columbian Exchange (page 32)

1st: European Plantation Systems in the Caribbean and the Americas destroyed the indigenous (local) economies and damaged the environment Europeans didn’t give the land enough time to recover between plantings, leaving it unusable. Slash and burn techniques

2nd: Capitalism Before, only churches and government had an opportunity to invest and become wealthier. Now individuals could become wealthy by investing and selling products Merchants grew wealthier

3rd: Joint Stock Companies Definition: individuals each put in a percentage of the cost associated with colonizing and plantation work Helped to protect the investor

4th: Slavery European colonists did not have enough labor to grow and export their cash crops so they began importing slaves from Africa. Slavery was based on race

5th: Mercantilism Definition: the idea that a country’s power is determined by its wealth Colonies existed to support the mother country and had to send all their resources (gold, silver, cotton, sugar…) back to help make the mother country richer

Processing How is investing in a joint stock company safer for your money than investing in a colony all by yourself? How were the original 13 colonies before the Revolution in the United States an example of mercantilism?

Slavery in Africa As Islam spread in Africa, so did the use of slaves. African rulers justified enslavement with the Muslim belief that non-Muslim prisoners could be bought and sold as slaves. Some slaves were prisoners of war, some were kidnapped, and some were traded. Slaves that remained in Africa did have some rights . Slavery was not hereditary in Africa.

Sugar plantations and tobacco farms required a huge supply of workers Sugar plantations and tobacco farms required a huge supply of workers. Europeans planned on using American Indians, however, millions died from disease and warfare. In the late 1400s, Europeans began to look to Africa for slaves to meet their labor shortage needs.

Why people wanted African Slaves 1st: had built up immunity to diseases 2nd:had farming and plantation experience 3rd: had little knowledge of America and had no tribes to hide with

By the time slavery ended, 9.5 million slaves had been sent overseas Spain, Portugal, and other European nations also utilized African slaves. Slaves were transported using the Triangle Trade system, which connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas. Products traded: cotton, rum, slaves, gold, silver, sugar, manufactured goods

Slaves crossing the Atlantic Ocean to America travelled “the Middle Passage.” Around 20% of slaves crossing it died due to disease and inhumane conditions.

Exporting Precious Metals Mining precious metals was a huge achievement for man Majority of gold came from Africa Majority of silver came from present-day Bolivia and Mexico. Japan also mined silver. Metals were exported to Europe and Asia.

In the 1600s Spain experienced a steady growth in the population. Spain was one of the first nations to discover silver mines in South and Central America Had a large amount of silver and gold imported each year from the Americas In the 1600s Spain experienced a steady growth in the population. Because of the increase in the population, and focusing on mining, Spain did not have enough food for everyone, causing inflation.

Spain’s inflation spread throughout Europe. Spain now had to charge more money for supplies, so they could no longer compete with the other nations in the international market. Spain’s inflation spread throughout Europe. Between 1500s and 1600s, Europe experienced a large jump in prices People living on fixed incomes were hurt badly because their money was worth less in the market.

Processing Describe why Europeans wanted African slaves instead of American Indians. Why was the trip that the slaves took from Africa to America called the Middle Passage? What is inflation and how did it affect Spain?

Rum, sugar, corn Manufactured goods Slaves, gold, ivory