GABAergic Interneurons Shape the Functional Maturation of the Cortex Corentin Le Magueresse, Hannah Monyer  Neuron  Volume 77, Issue 3, Pages 388-405 (February 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.01.011 Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Maturation of GABAergic Neurotransmission (A) Maturation of selected GABAergic markers during postnatal development, i.e., GABA levels (Coyle and Enna, 1976), GAD activity (Wong and McGeer, 1981), VGAT expression (Conti et al., 2004; Minelli et al., 2003), GABAergic synapses (Micheva and Beaulieu, 1996). (B) Functional maturation of interneurons generated at E14 in the caudal ganglionic eminence (Le Magueresse et al., 2011). Please note that P0 in graph A corresponds to ∼E14 in graph B. Other subtypes of interneurons may have a different pattern of functional maturation. ∗GABA levels are from whole rat brains. AP, action potential. IPSC, inhibitory postsynaptic current. EPSC, excitatory postsynaptic current. Neuron 2013 77, 388-405DOI: (10.1016/j.neuron.2013.01.011) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Nature-Nurture Interplay Shaping the Development of GABAergic Neurotransmission Left panel, features of GABAergic circuit development that are not influenced by cortical activity. Right panel, features of GABAergic circuit development which are sensitive to changes in sensory environment and/or cortical activity. Neuron 2013 77, 388-405DOI: (10.1016/j.neuron.2013.01.011) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Development of Synchronous Oscillations in the Neocortex and Hippocampus (A) Schematic showing the switch from excitatory to inhibitory GABA, the major oscillatory rhythms in the in vitro slice preparation (green and gray bars) and in vivo (violet bars) as a function of rodent age during early postnatal development. (B) Two distinct patterns of network synchrony in the somatosensory cortex in vitro. The green trace shows an early network oscillation (ENO). The blue trace shows three consecutive cortical GDPs (modified from Allene et al., 2008). (C) Three distinct patterns of oscillatory activity in the somatosensory cortex of the neonatal rat in vivo. (C1) Several spindle bursts (marked by s), gamma oscillations (g), and one long (or “slow”) oscillation were recorded in the primary somatosensory cortex in a P3 rat. (C2) Examples of gamma oscillations (i, ii) and spindle burst (ii) marked by red boxes in C1 shown at an expanded timescale (modified from Yang et al., 2009). Neuron 2013 77, 388-405DOI: (10.1016/j.neuron.2013.01.011) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Developmental Disorders Involving the GABAergic System Abbreviations: PV+BC, parvalbumin-expressing basket cell. ChC, Chandelier cell. Neuron 2013 77, 388-405DOI: (10.1016/j.neuron.2013.01.011) Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions