Psyc 2301 Final Exam Review 100 Multiple Choice Questions

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Psyc 2301 Final Exam Review 100 Multiple Choice Questions 4 Choices for each question Select the BEST answer. Based on Objectives in the Student Supplemental Handbook http://learning.hccs.edu/faculty/carol.laman/stangor-textbook One-two questions per objective. (Two on those with many key terms)

The scientific study of mind and behavior Psychology * The scientific study of mind and behavior

What makes psychology a science? The Scientific method is the set of assumptions, rules, and procedures Scientists collect, organize, and draw conclusions from data Data = information collected through formal observation or measurement.

Perspectives

Psychodynamic Perspective Psychoanalysis – treatment based on psychodynamic (psychoanalytic) theory Unconscious conflicts are interpreted by the analyst. Interpretation of dreams; free association

Biological Psychology Interaction between biology and behavior: Brain Nervous system Endocrine System Genetics Nutrition Exercise Stress

Evolutionary Psychology * Fitness for Survival Reproduction Natural selection

Humanistic Psychology Key Concepts: Free Will Self Esteem Self-Actualization

Behaviorism Key Concepts Focus on observable behavior. Experiences shape behavior. Laws of Learning

Cognitive Perspective Includes Information Processing Computer metaphor

Sociocultural Approach Humans influenced by: Social situations Culture

Descriptive Methods Case Study * In depth study of one or more individual’s experiences and behavior. Survey * Interview or questionnaire about measuring beliefs or behaviors in a sample group.*

Observation Naturalistic Observation * Research based on the observation of everyday events(natural settings) Laboratory Observation * Descriptive research conducted by observation of behavior in a controlled setting.

Correlation Correlation * A relationship between variables Correlation Coefficient * The strength and direction of a linear relationship. Correlation coefficient ranges from -1 to +1.

Experimental Method * Research to demonstrate a cause and effect relationship between variables. Independent variable * The causing variable, manipulated by the experimenter. Dependent variable * the measured variable that is expected to be influenced by the experimental manipulation.

Terminology Hypothesis states how the independent variable will cause the dependent variable to change. Experimental Group * Exposed to the experimental manipulation Control Group * Not exposed to the experimental manipulation (or exposed to a different level of the manipulation) Random assignment * Participants have an equal chance of being in either group. They are assigned to groups randomly.

Placebo * A control group which receives an inactive treatment. Placebo effects changes caused by participant expectations Double blind technique * both the researcher and the research participants are blind to condition.

Ethics and Research Minimize harm Voluntary participation Protect privacy Informed consent – tell them about research and that they can quit Minimize deception Debriefing

Practitioners Psychiatrists – M.D., (Physicians) can prescribe drugs Psychologists – Ph.D. or Psy.D. Research, Teaching or Therapy Review Continued …