iClicker Questions for Psychology, Seventh Edition by Peter Gray Chapter 3: Genetic and Evolutionary Foundations of Behavior

Identical twins that are different heights share the same _________ but differ in at least one aspect of their _________. genotype; phenotype phenotype; genotype genes; genotype mitosis; meiosis Answer: a

If an individual is heterozygous for eye color, with one allele for brown eyes and one allele for blue eyes, and we know that the allele for brown eyes is dominant, what color will this individual’s eyes be? Blue Brown Gray Green Answer: b

Evolutionary psychologists attribute the human tendency to fear snakes and heights to: gender schemas. the X chromosome. memes. genetic predispositions. Answer: d

Are humans more evolved than chimpanzees and amoebas? Why? No, amoebas are the most evolved creatures because they have been around and evolving for the longest time. As such they are highly adapted to their environments while humans and chimpanzees have been around for roughly the same amount of time and still have a lot of evolving to do. Yes, humans are more evolved than chimpanzees and amoebas because humans have culture, language and abstract thought. Chimpanzees and amoebas are equally evolved because they do not possess these human traits. No, humans, chimpanzees and amoebas have all taken their forms and behavioral characteristics because of chance events that led them to occupy different niches in their environments where their selection criteria differed. Yes, humans represent the most evolved organisms on the planet as evidenced by their dominance over all other creatures, while chimpanzees, as close relatives of humans, are more evolved than simple amoebas. Answer: c

 A mating class that consists of one female mating with more than one male is called: polygyny polyandry monogamy polygynandry Answer: b

It has been suggested that men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because men are genetically predisposed to seek female features associated with youthful fertility. This suggestion best illustrates: social learning theory. behavior genetics. Freudian psychology. an evolutionary perspective. Answer: d

A(n) __________ is any similarity that exists because of different species’ common ancestry, whereas a(n) ___________ is any similarity that stems not from common ancestry but from convergent evolution. homology; analogy analogy; homology heterology; homology homology; heterology Answer: a