Helping Massachusetts Municipalities Create a Greener Energy Future Code Informational Session November 13, 2013

Introduction to the IECC 2012 Energy Code

What & Why? ChangesFuture Agenda

The wonderful world of Acronyms ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers ICCInternational Codes Council IECC International Energy Conservation Code IRC International Residential Code DOER Department of Energy Resources HERS Home Energy Rating DOEDepartment of Energy

IECC and ASHRAE Codes ICC & ASHRAE develop model building codes and standards for the US. ICC: publishes IECC energy code 3 year cycle IECC 2009, IECC 2012, IECC 2015 ASHRAE: publishes 90.1 standard 3 year cycle ,

The World of Codes 1980s through s through 2006 Minimum codes were truly minimal Minimum codes were truly minimal DOE pushed for marginal improvements (1% to 3% per cycle) DOE pushed for marginal improvements (1% to 3% per cycle) DOE proposed (successfully) a major rewrite of the IECC in 2004 (became the 2006 IECC)emphasis was format, not stringency DOE proposed (successfully) a major rewrite of the IECC in 2004 (became the 2006 IECC)emphasis was format, not stringency 2009 to present 2009 to present The world has changed The world has changed ICC/DOE working from two goals ICC/DOE working from two goals 30% improvement in 2012 IECC (relative to 2006) 30% improvement in 2012 IECC (relative to 2006) 50% improvement in 2015 IECC (relative to 2006) 50% improvement in 2015 IECC (relative to 2006)

What in the world has changed? What is driving the changes to the code: What is driving the changes to the code: Public interest Public interest Political will Political will Pull at ICC Pull at ICC What in the world has changed? What in the world has changed? More efficiency making it into codes More efficiency making it into codes More detail/complexity being pushed onto code officials More detail/complexity being pushed onto code officials More need for expertise and analysis tools in code process More need for expertise and analysis tools in code process Less distinction between code, beyond-code programs Less distinction between code, beyond-code programs

Massachusetts Energy Code History 6 th edition of the building code had a MA specific energy code 6 th edition of the building code had a MA specific energy code 7 th edition adopted IECC th edition adopted IECC 2006 Commercial bldgs. ASHRAE Commercial bldgs. ASHRAE th edition adopted IECC 2009 on July 1, th edition adopted IECC 2009 on July 1, 2010 Roughly 10-15% more efficient than IECC 2006 Roughly 10-15% more efficient than IECC 2006 Commercial bldgs. ASHRAE remains Commercial bldgs. ASHRAE remains Also in 2010 the edition of the Stretch Code appendix Also in 2010 the edition of the Stretch Code appendix IEC C 2012 was adopted on 7/1/2013 IEC C 2012 was adopted on 7/1/2013 Designed to be 30% better than IECC 2009 Designed to be 30% better than IECC 2009 Stretch Code Stretch Code IECC 2015 coming soon…. IECC 2015 coming soon….

IECC 2012

What was added with IECC 2009 Lighting added to IECC scope (at least 50% of lamps must be high efficacy) Lighting added to IECC scope (at least 50% of lamps must be high efficacy) Mandatory duct system pressure test Mandatory duct system pressure test Insulation R-Values increases Insulation R-Values increases No equipment-envelope trade-offs No equipment-envelope trade-offs 12% to 15% better than 2006 IECC 12% to 15% better than 2006 IECC

2012 IECC –Overview Approximately 30% more efficient than the 2006 IECC Approximately 30% more efficient than the 2006 IECC Now constitutes (by reference) the energy chapter of the International Residential Code (IRC) Now constitutes (by reference) the energy chapter of the International Residential Code (IRC) Retains 2009 IECCs prohibition on envelope- equipment tradeoffs Retains 2009 IECCs prohibition on envelope- equipment tradeoffs Contains a few major and many minor changes Contains a few major and many minor changes

Structure of the 2012 IECC Ch. 1 Scope and Application / Administrative and Enforcement Ch. 1 Scope and Application / Administrative and Enforcement Ch. 2 Definitions Ch. 2 Definitions Ch. 3 General Requirements Ch. 3 General Requirements Ch. 4 Residential Energy Efficiency Ch. 4 Residential Energy Efficiency Ch. 5 Referenced Standards Ch. 5 Referenced Standards Index Index

Scope of Section R101 Defines Residential Buildings as: Defines Residential Buildings as: One- and two-family dwellings, townhouses of any size and R-2, R-3, R-4 3 stories One- and two-family dwellings, townhouses of any size and R-2, R-3, R-4 3 stories All buildings that are not residential by definition arecommercial All buildings that are not residential by definition arecommercial Includes additions, alterations, renovations and repairs Includes additions, alterations, renovations and repairs Existing buildings Existing buildings Buildings designated as historic Buildings designated as historic Very low energy use buildings [<3.4 Btu/h-ft2 or 1 watt/ft2] Very low energy use buildings [<3.4 Btu/h-ft2 or 1 watt/ft2]

Scope Section R101- Additions Treat as a stand-alone building Treat as a stand-alone building Additions must meet the prescriptive requirements in Table (or U-factor or total UA alternatives) Additions must meet the prescriptive requirements in Table (or U-factor or total UA alternatives)

Scope Section - Additions, Alterations, Renovations, Repairs Code applies to any new construction Code applies to any new construction Unaltered portion(s) do not need to comply Unaltered portion(s) do not need to comply Additions can comply alone or in combination with existing building Additions can comply alone or in combination with existing building Replacement fenestration that includes both glazing and sash must meet Replacement fenestration that includes both glazing and sash must meet U-factors in all Climate Zones 2-8 U-factors in all Climate Zones 2-8

Climate Zones for the 2012 IECC

Scope Section R101 - Additions, Alterations, Renovations, Repairs-Exceptions Storm windows over existing fenestration Storm windows over existing fenestration Glass-only replacements Glass-only replacements Exposed, existing ceiling, wall or floor cavities if already filled with insulation Exposed, existing ceiling, wall or floor cavities if already filled with insulation Where existing roof, wall or floor cavity isnt exposed Where existing roof, wall or floor cavity isnt exposed Reroofing for roofs where neither sheathing nor insulation exposed Reroofing for roofs where neither sheathing nor insulation exposed Insulate above or below the sheathing Insulate above or below the sheathing Roofs without insulation in the cavity Roofs without insulation in the cavity Sheathing or insulation is exposed Sheathing or insulation is exposed Lighting alterations if: Lighting alterations if: <50% of luminaries in a space are replaced <50% of luminaries in a space are replaced Only bulbs and ballasts within existing luminaries are replaced (provided installed interior lighting power isnt increased) Only bulbs and ballasts within existing luminaries are replaced (provided installed interior lighting power isnt increased)

Scope Section R101 - Space Conditioning Any non-conditioned space that is altered to become conditioned space shall be required to be brought into full compliance with this code Any non-conditioned space that is altered to become conditioned space shall be required to be brought into full compliance with this code Examples: Examples: Converting a garage to a family room Converting a garage to a family room Heating an unfinished basement Heating an unfinished basement

Scope Section R101 - Mixed Use Buildings Treat the residential occupancy under the applicable residential code Treat the residential occupancy under the applicable residential code Treat the commercial occupancy under the commercial code Treat the commercial occupancy under the commercial code

Overview of Code Structure Climate-Specific Requirements: Roofs Above grade walls Foundations Basements Slabs Crawlspaces Skylights, windows, and doors Mandatory Requirements (apply everywhere): Infiltration control Duct insulation, sealing, and testing HVAC controls Piping Insulation Equipment sizing Dampers Lighting

Overview of IECC 2012 Residential Code Requirements Focus is on: Building envelope ceilings, walls, windows, floors, foundations Building envelope ceilings, walls, windows, floors, foundations Sets insulation and fenestration levels, and solar heat gain coefficients Sets insulation and fenestration levels, and solar heat gain coefficients Infiltration control - caulk and seal to prevent air leaks, and test Infiltration control - caulk and seal to prevent air leaks, and test Ducts, air handlers, filter boxes – seal, insulate, and test Ducts, air handlers, filter boxes – seal, insulate, and test Limited space heating, air conditioning, and water heating requirements Limited space heating, air conditioning, and water heating requirements Federal law sets most equipment efficiency requirements, not the I-codes Federal law sets most equipment efficiency requirements, not the I-codes No appliance requirements No appliance requirements Lighting equipment – 75% of lamps to be high-efficacy lamps or 75% of lighting fixtures to have only high-efficacy lamps Lighting equipment – 75% of lamps to be high-efficacy lamps or 75% of lighting fixtures to have only high-efficacy lamps

Compliance IECC Terminology Prescriptive, UA/U-Factor and Performance Prescriptive, UA/U-Factor and Performance Mandatory requirements Mandatory requirements Required and cannot be traded down, even in the simulated performance path Required and cannot be traded down, even in the simulated performance path Some elements have hard limitsaka, trade-off limits Some elements have hard limitsaka, trade-off limits a prescriptive requirement that can only be traded so far a prescriptive requirement that can only be traded so far performance requirements can only be traded so far performance requirements can only be traded so far

IECC Compliance - Three Options

Code Compliance Tools

Overview of the 2012 Energy Code The 2012 code requires a better envelope, insulation, ducts, windows, mechanical and more efficient lighting than the 2009 code.

2012 IECC Major Changes Duct leakage rates lowered Duct leakage rates lowered Domestic hot water piping must be either Domestic hot water piping must be either Insulated to R3, or Insulated to R3, or Short and skinny (i.e., exempted lengths depend on diameter) Short and skinny (i.e., exempted lengths depend on diameter) Eliminated leakage to outdoors option for ducts Eliminated leakage to outdoors option for ducts From 12 to 4 CFM/100sf CFA (after construction) From 12 to 4 CFM/100sf CFA (after construction) From 6 to 4 CFM/100sf CFA (at rough-in) From 6 to 4 CFM/100sf CFA (at rough-in) Various R-value/U-factor/SHGC improvements Various R-value/U-factor/SHGC improvements

2012 IECC Major Changes New mandatory whole- house pressure test (blower door) with stringent required leakage rates New mandatory whole- house pressure test (blower door) with stringent required leakage rates Zones 3-8: 3 Pa Zones 3-8: 3 Pa Address fireplaces and recessed lighting fixtures Address fireplaces and recessed lighting fixtures

Air Tightness Requirements Compliance Compliance The 2012 code provides a lot of leeway to the local inspector; according to the code, Where required by the code official, an approved third party shall inspect all components and verify compliance. The 2012 code provides a lot of leeway to the local inspector; according to the code, Where required by the code official, an approved third party shall inspect all components and verify compliance. Reference Table R for requirements Reference Table R for requirements _iecc_2012_re4_sec002_par027.htm _iecc_2012_re4_sec002_par027.htm _iecc_2012_re4_sec002_par027.htm _iecc_2012_re4_sec002_par027.htm

Building Envelope Specific Requirements Building Envelope consists of: Fenestration Fenestration Ceilings Ceilings Walls Walls Above grade Above grade Below grade Below grade Mass walls Mass walls Floors Floors Slabs Slabs Crawlspaces Crawlspaces

2012 IECC –Major Prescriptive Envelope Changes

Insulation Verification R-values are to be printed on the batt insulation or rigid foam board. R-values are to be printed on the batt insulation or rigid foam board. Blown-in insulation must have an insulation certificate at or near the opening of the attic. Blown-in insulation must have an insulation certificate at or near the opening of the attic. The certificate should include: The certificate should include: R-value of installed thickness R-value of installed thickness Initial installed thickness Initial installed thickness Installed density Installed density Settled thickness/settled R-value Settled thickness/settled R-value Coverage area Coverage area Number of bags installed Number of bags installed Insulation markers must be installed every 300 square feet and be marked with the minimum installed thickness and affixed to the trusses or joists. Insulation markers must be installed every 300 square feet and be marked with the minimum installed thickness and affixed to the trusses or joists.

2012 IECC-Fenestration Changes

Mandatory Requirements Mechanical Systems Controls-At least one programmable thermostat/dwelling unit Controls-At least one programmable thermostat/dwelling unit Heat pump supplementary heat Heat pump supplementary heat Ducts Ducts Sealing (Mandatory) Sealing (Mandatory) Insulation (Prescriptive) Insulation (Prescriptive) HVAC piping insulation HVAC piping insulation Circulating hot water systems Circulating hot water systems Ventilation Ventilation Dampers Dampers Equipment sizing-Heating and cooling equipment shall be sized according to Manual S based on loads calculated according to Manual J Equipment sizing-Heating and cooling equipment shall be sized according to Manual S based on loads calculated according to Manual J Pools and in ground permanently installed spas Pools and in ground permanently installed spas Snow melt controls Snow melt controls

Duct Sealing and Insulation Duct Sealing Mandatory test 3 cfm Rough in and post construction tests Adopts testing widely used by Stretch Code / Energy Star Homes Not required if located within conditioned space Framing cavities cannot be used as ducts or plenums Duct Insulation Supply ducts in attics: R-8 (Attic) All other ducts: R-6 (Basement, Crawlspace, Exterior Wall,)

Lighting Equipment A minimum of 75% of the lamps in permanently installed lighting fixtures shall be high-efficacy lamps or 75% of permanently installed lighting fixtures to contain only high efficacy lamps. A minimum of 75% of the lamps in permanently installed lighting fixtures shall be high-efficacy lamps or 75% of permanently installed lighting fixtures to contain only high efficacy lamps. Lamps in fixturesLamps in fixtures Exception: Exception: Low-voltage lighting Low-voltage lighting Use specified lighting Use specified lighting

High Efficacy Lighting and Compliance The residential lighting provisions in the 2012 IECC are relatively simple. The residential lighting provisions in the 2012 IECC are relatively simple. At least 75% of the lamps in permanent light fixtures must be high-efficacy, defined as: At least 75% of the lamps in permanent light fixtures must be high-efficacy, defined as: T8 or smaller-diameter linear fluorescent lamps, T8 or smaller-diameter linear fluorescent lamps, Or lamps such as CFLs, LEDs or Pin Based Lamps with a minimum efficacy of: Or lamps such as CFLs, LEDs or Pin Based Lamps with a minimum efficacy of: 40 lumens/W for <15W 40 lumens/W for <15W 50 lumens/W for 16-40W 50 lumens/W for 16-40W 60 lumens/W for >40W lamps 60 lumens/W for >40W lamps Chandelier example Chandelier example

Ventilation The building shall be provided with ventilation that meets the requirements of the IRC, IMC, or other approved ventilation. The building shall be provided with ventilation that meets the requirements of the IRC, IMC, or other approved ventilation. Minimum efficacy: Minimum efficacy: Range hoods 2.8 cfm/watt Range hoods 2.8 cfm/watt In-line fans 2.8 cfm/watt In-line fans 2.8 cfm/watt Bathroom fan (10-89 cfm) 1.4 cfm/watt Bathroom fan (10-89 cfm) 1.4 cfm/watt Bathroom fan (90+ cfm) 2.8 cfm/watt Bathroom fan (90+ cfm) 2.8 cfm/watt

What about mechanical ventilation? Although the 2012 IECC includes provisions to improve a homes air tightness, it provides little on whole house ventilation, however the 2012 IRC does include requirements for mechanical ventilation. Although the 2012 IECC includes provisions to improve a homes air tightness, it provides little on whole house ventilation, however the 2012 IRC does include requirements for mechanical ventilation. A typical home will require about 15 cfm per person of fresh outdoor air to be distributed by continuous mechanical ventilation to meet the requirements of the code. A typical home will require about 15 cfm per person of fresh outdoor air to be distributed by continuous mechanical ventilation to meet the requirements of the code. The new code requires homes in zone 5 achieve 3 ach50, the code effectively mandates a whole-house mechanical ventilation system. The new code requires homes in zone 5 achieve 3 ach50, the code effectively mandates a whole-house mechanical ventilation system. This can be accomplished with a centrally located quiet exhaust fan, an interconnected system to the air handler, HRV/ERV or a combination of devices. This can be accomplished with a centrally located quiet exhaust fan, an interconnected system to the air handler, HRV/ERV or a combination of devices.

Eave Baffles For air permeable insulations in vented attics, baffle For air permeable insulations in vented attics, baffle Installed adjacent to soffit and eave vents Installed adjacent to soffit and eave vents To maintain an opening size of vent To maintain an opening size of vent To extend over top of attic insulation To extend over top of attic insulation May be of any solid material May be of any solid material

Stretch Code vs. IECC Comparison Typical Existing Home Std New Home IECC 2006 IECC 2012 ~ HERS 70 IECC 2009 ~ HERS 90 Stretch Code < 3000 sq ft - HERS 70 > 3000 sq ft - HERS 65

Residential Incentives Almost the same as the Stretch Code/IECC 2012 Almost the same as the Stretch Code/IECC 2012 Approx 30% of new homes in MA Approx 30% of new homes in MA Builder incentives/rebates Builder incentives/rebates $750 - $7000 for SFD $750 - $7000 for SFD $350 - $4,000 for MF $350 - $4,000 for MF HERS raters HERS raters $700 - $900 SFD $700 - $900 SFD $250 - $550 MF $250 - $550 MF Additional Equipment Rebates Additional Equipment Rebates Appliances – up to $50 (low income) Appliances – up to $50 (low income) Heating – up to $1,500 Heating – up to $1,500 Water Heating – up to $800 Water Heating – up to $800 Cooling – up to $500 Cooling – up to $500 Lighting – free CFLs Lighting – free CFLs Massachusetts Residential New Construction Program

IECC 2012 Bottom Line Code Compliance Every new home built will need to be tested with a blower door, have a strategy to stop thermal bridging, need more insulation, a tighter envelope, better windows, tighter ducts, right sized mechanical systems, more efficient lighting and mechanical ventilation.

Stretch Code Appendix 120.aa

What is the Stretch Code? Affects the energy code only Affects the energy code only Amendment to the MA base energy code Amendment to the MA base energy code Residential Construction: Residential Construction: 15-20% more energy efficient 15-20% more energy efficient Commercial: Commercial: 20% more energy efficient 20% more energy efficient The Stretch Code is similar to the 2012 IECC The Stretch Code is similar to the 2012 IECC

Misconceptions The Stretch Code is new and experimental The Stretch Code is new and experimental The Stretch Code requires tight unhealthy homes The Stretch Code requires tight unhealthy homes The Stretch Code requires foam insulation The Stretch Code requires foam insulation The Stretch Code requires mechanical ventilation The Stretch Code requires mechanical ventilation Homes with oil heat cannot meet the Stretch Code Homes with oil heat cannot meet the Stretch Code Town residents will be required to update their existing homes Town residents will be required to update their existing homes

What does the Stretch Code Apply to? Same application as the MA base energy code Same application as the MA base energy code Insulation Insulation Doors, Windows, Skylights Doors, Windows, Skylights Mechanical Equipment Mechanical Equipment Lighting Lighting Appliances Appliances Building tightness Building tightness Duct tightness Duct tightness Renewables Renewables

What does the Stretch Code Apply to? Residential Residential Additions Additions Home Renovations Home Renovations New Construction New Construction Commercial (5,000+sq/ft) New Construction Additions Renovations Exempt

Additions and Renovations Prescriptive or Performance Path Prescriptive Path Prescriptive Path ENERGY STAR Windows, Doors and Skylights ENERGY STAR Windows, Doors and Skylights Tight Ducts – completely new duct systems only Tight Ducts – completely new duct systems only Contractor Verified Thermal Bypass Checklist Contractor Verified Thermal Bypass Checklist Performance Path Performance Path Whole house HERS Rating Whole house HERS Rating Renovations: Renovations: HERS 85 < 2,000 sq ft. HERS 85 < 2,000 sq ft. HERS 80 2,000 sq ft. HERS 80 2,000 sq ft. Additions: Additions: HERS 70 < 3,000 sq ft. HERS 70 < 3,000 sq ft. HERS 65 3,000 sq ft. HERS 65 3,000 sq ft.

New Homes Performance Path Performance is the only option Performance is the only option HERS 70 < 3,000 sq ft. HERS 70 < 3,000 sq ft. HERS 65 3,000 sq ft. HERS 65 3,000 sq ft. HERS Rating Company HERS Rating Company Review building plans Review building plans Thermal bypass Checklist Thermal bypass Checklist Blower-door and duct testing Blower-door and duct testing

Home Energy Rating System (HERS) Index Home Energy Rating System (HERS) Index Internal Revenue Service Internal Revenue Service U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Mortgage Industry Mortgage Industry Massachusetts Base Code - Alternative Path Massachusetts Base Code - Alternative Path Mass Save Residential New Construction Program Mass Save Residential New Construction Program New Homes Performance Path

Governed by the Residential Energy Services Network (RESNET) Governed by the Residential Energy Services Network (RESNET) Technical Standards Technical Standards Testing Procedures Testing Procedures Quality Assurance Quality Assurance Continuing Education Continuing Education Code of Ethics Code of Ethics Complaint Resolution Complaint Resolution New Homes Performance Path

Cost of the Stretch Code HousetypeSizeUpgrade Costs Addl Annual Mortgage Annual Savings Single Family2,672$2,949$214$507 w/ incentives2,672$1,755$127$516 Single Family4,462$6,476$471$1,455 w/ incentives4.462$5,176$376$1,455 Single Family1,708$4,162$302$583 w/ incentives1,708$3,243$236$595

COMMERCIAL STRETCH CODE

54 Commercial Stretch Appendix New buildings and additions over 5,000 ft2, renovations fall to the base code New buildings and additions over 5,000 ft2, renovations fall to the base code Two Options (depending on size) Two Options (depending on size) Performance option - 20% below ASHRAE Code Performance option - 20% below ASHRAE Code Prescriptive option for most building types Prescriptive option for most building types 5, ,000 ft2 5, ,000 ft2 Special Code Exemptions (comply with base code) for laboratories, manufacturing, etc. Special Code Exemptions (comply with base code) for laboratories, manufacturing, etc.

Stretch Code Compliance & Inspections Stretch Code Compliance & Inspections Same as base code Same as base code Code Official has the same authority Code Official has the same authority Same building inspections Same building inspections Approves building documents Approves building documents

Future of the Stretch Code The MA base energy code will update in 2014 The MA base energy code will update in 2014 The Stretch Code will update too The Stretch Code will update too More energy efficient More energy efficient No details yet No details yet Automatic Adoption Automatic Adoption

Training on new energy codes Training on new energy codes Covering both the IECC 2012 & Stretch code Covering both the IECC 2012 & Stretch code Provided free to all Code Officials Provided free to all Code Officials Provided at cost to building professionals Provided at cost to building professionals Register online: Register online: Energy star homes training available for free: Energy star homes training available for free: Utilities offer commercial Core Performance energy training Utilities offer commercial Core Performance energy training

Questions?