The Great Gatsby
Facts Published in 1925 Received mixed reviews and sold poorly (20,000 copies in the first year) Experienced a revival during World War II 1998: The Modern Library voted it as the best twentieth century American novel Contender for the title of “Great American Novel” The book has now sold 25 million copies at a rate of 500,000 copies each year.
Setting Time: summer 1922 Place: West Egg or East Egg, Long Island, New York
Historical context: 1920s Unprecedented economic prosperity Jazz music Flapper culture Bootlegging and organized crime
Characters Nick Carraway: narrator, 29-year-old Yale graduate originally from the Midwest, a World War I veteran, and a new resident of West Egg who is aged 29 (later 30). He is Gatsby's next-door neighbor and a bond salesman. Jay Gatsby: a young, mysterious millionaire who lives on West Egg Daisy Fay Buchanan: attractive, outgoing, shallow, and self-absorbed young woman from Kentucky. She is Nick's second cousin, once removed. Tom Buchanan: a millionaire who lives on East Egg Jordan Baker: Daisy’s friend who is into golfing and partying
Themes Resistance to change economically, socially, and ethnically The decline of the American Dream The hollowness of the upper class Societal gender expectations
Modernism Period between World War I and World War II Abandoning traditional literary techniques in order to express new ideas and worldviews Loss of faith in traditional aspects of society like religion and patriotism Questioning the future of humanity and a focus on decline rather than progress Use of irony and satire
F. Scott Fitzgerald 1896-1940 Francis Scott Key was his second cousin three times removed. There are many similarities between Fitzgerald and both Gatsby and Nick. The novel represents Fitzgerald’s conflicting feelings on love and the Jazz Age. Fitzgerald died thinking that the novel was a failure.