Historical Thinking concepts Grade 10 Ancient Medieval

Review Anthropologist Archeologist Geologist Paleontologist

6 Concepts of Historical Thinking Evidence Significance Continuity & Change Cause & Consequence Historical Perspective-Taking The Moral Dimension (Judgment)

What constitutes EVIDENCE in Historical Studies??? Proof

Primary and Secondary Sources Handout “What it Really Means” – create your own definitions Graphic Organizer for Primary Sources Source Scenarios Activity

Types of Evidence Primary Sources: are the original records created by firsthand witnesses of an event. Examples: Audio – oral histories, memoires, interviews, music Images – photographs, videos, film, art Objects – clothing (fashion/uniforms), tools, weapons, pottery, gravestones, inventions, memorabilia Statistics – census data, weather records Text – letters, diaries, original documents, legal agreements, maps, advertisements, recipes, laws, treaties, etc.

Evidence

Evidence

Primary Sources

Types of Evidence A key Primary Source: Artifacts Artifacts can be: Human-made objects such as: tools, pottery, weapons, jewelry, metal objects, pieces of ruined buildings and architecture.

Types of Evidence “BIG” Questions related to Artifacts: What is it? What is it made of? How was it made? How does it work? What else do we know?

Evidence cont’d: Artifacts What is this? (take 2-3 minutes)

Antikythera Mechanism Explanation: An ancient Greek computer An analog computer that was found in 1901 in a shipwreck off the Greek island of Antikythera and that has now been dated to the second century BC, so about 2150 years ago.

Antikythera Mechanism, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UpLcnAIpVRA 4 minutes

Types of Evidence Secondary Sources: Secondary sources are works that argue, reflect, and discuss earlier times. Examples: Journal articles and books by historians and professional scholars, who are interpreting the events and primary sources that are being studied. Text books

Significance How do we decide what is important? How does society choose to remember events? Are some events more important to remember (or memorialize) than others? How do we come to decisions about what is significant in human history? Is everything significant? Is nothing significant?

Task: Significance PART I – In partners/person beside you: Which 10 events are the most significant? Rank them in order Both members of the group must agree September 11th, 2001 - Moon Landing 1969 NB Election 2014 - The First World War 1914 The Hippie Movement 1960’s - Economic Recession 2008 The invention of Electricity - WWII: 1939 The Holocaust -The Great Depression Ebola Virus Threat 2014 - The Mona Lisa

Task: Significance PART II – In groups of 4 Further reduce the list to what you believe the three (3) most significant events. Everyone in the group must agree

Significance How did you make decisions? What criteria did you use to judge significance?

Criteria for Significance - Copy Prominence of the event at the time Consequences resulting in change Deep consequence for many people over a long period of time Revealing Does it explain something about later events or the present? Occupies a key place in a meaningful narrative

Continuity and Change Change and continuity are on-going and ever present Change can occur at different rates Change and continuity can be both positive and negative (e.g. progress & decline) Comparisons can be made between points of history and between the past and the present

What has stayed the same? (continuity) What has changed?

Exit ticket Primary and secondary sources