The New South

Bourbon Triumvirate Redemption Era : period after Reconstruction and before the “New South” Redeem the state from the hardships of Reconstruction (i.e.…The Republican Party) The Bourbon Triumvirate: Joseph Brown, Alfred Colquitt, and John Gordon Democrats who wanted stronger economic ties with northern industry but maintain “old South traditions” (White Supremacy)

Joseph Brown Yale Law School Opened law office in Canton, GA State senator Judge N. Georgia farmer 1857: elected governor State’s rights activist Possible connections to KKK Annals: records Governor Joseph Brown

Alfred Colquitt Princeton Law School Fought in Mexican War State senator Maj. Gen. in Confederate Army 1876: elected Governor State debt reduced New state constitution (1877) Political Ally: one who shares a common cause Alfred Colquitt

John B. Gordon Lt. Gen. in Confederate Army Newspaper man Manager of coal mine Rumored Head of Georgia’s KKK during Reconstruction 1886: elected Governor Brought new industry to Georgia. Lt. Gen. John B. Gordon

The Bourbon Triumvirate Successes State taxes lowered State war debts reduced Business and industry expanded Failures Did not improve lives of poor Education suffered Did not reform prisons Poor working conditions in factories

“The New South” New South: A phrase used to describe southern progress in the late 1800s…Industry! Promoted: Industry, Crop Diversification and Investment in Southern Industry Henry W. Grady: first to use the phrase “NEW SOUTH”…editor for the Atlanta Journal Henry W. Grady The international Cotton Exposition

The International Cotton Exposition In 1881, as part of his New South Program, Henry Grady promoted Georgia's first International Cotton Exposition The exposition attracted 200,000 paid visitors during its two and a half month run and showed the country that Georgia was ready for more industry

The 1906 Atlanta Riot Occurred Sept. 22nd- Sept. 24, 1906 The Negro population grew from 9000 in 1880 to 35, 000 in 1910. Growth caused increased competition for jobs and deepened class divisions. Articles printed in local newspapers evoked racial tension to riot level. 2 day rioting resulted in an unofficial death toll of 25-40 blacks and 2 whites The barbershop owned by Alonzo Herndon was damaged.

Who is Alonzo Herndon? Was a Georgia native who became the wealthiest Black man in the city of Atlanta at the time of his death in1927. His businesses include a chain of barbershops and the most successful black-owned insurance co. in the nation. He owned 100 houses on Auburn Avenue. He was active an active member of the NAACP and founded the National Negro Business League. Alonzo Herndon Alonzo Herndon’s house

Rebecca and William Felton Roots of Populist Movement Led a group of independent Democrats against the Triumvirate From Cartersville William Felton: U.S. Congressman; served in GA General Assembly Worked to improve education, prison reform, and paved the way for controls and limits on alcohol. Rebecca Latimer Felton Picture of 1930 Prohibition Picture of 1930 Prohibition

Rebecca Felton A leader towards suffrage-votes, particularly for women. Pushed for temperance-anti-alcohol Popular writer for the “Atlanta Journal” Used paper as a forum (Way to communicate ideas…TV, paper, radio, speech…) Began Georgia Training School for Girls in Atlanta With Margaret Olivia Slocum Sage First female U.S. Senator in nation’s history Replaced another Senator due to death (24 hours

T. Washington

Jim crow laws Jim Crow - term used for practices and rules that discriminate along color lines. System of segregation Jim Crow was the stage name of a white minstrel who performed in Black face makeup in the late 1800s. His act caricatured blacks. The name Jim Crow came to stand for all the segregation laws that were instituted in the South after the Civil War.

Plessy v. Ferguson The Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court Court case heard in the Supreme Court Case originated in Lousiana in 1896 Upheld segregation and deemed legal and long as facilities were “separate but equal” Ruling in this case justified racial segregation for 50 years The Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court

Populist Populism was a political party know as the People Party. The populist wanted the government to do more to regulate the economy so that farmers could earn more money for their crops. Populist encouraged farmers to work together for their cause through alliances Most of these farmers were white, but were some African-American Populists

Populist

The Populist Party James B. Weaver White and black farmers Platform: The Farmers’ Alliance joined with labor organizations (unions) to form this new political party. Platform: 8hour workday Gov’t ownership of railroad, telephone, and telegraph Graduated federal income tax Direct election of U.S. Senators Restriction of immigration Use of Australian Ballot: Ballot printed by gov’t, distributed at voting places, and collected in secret sealed boxes. 1892 Election: Democrat Grover Cleveland won…Populist candidate: James B. Weaver James B. Weaver White and black farmers

Tom Watson Georgia’s best known Populist. 1882: elected to Georgia General Assembly 1890: elected to Congress with backing of Farmers’ Alliance Introduced the Rural Free Delivery Bill (RFD): required the postmaster general to find a way to deliver mail to rural homes free of charge Warren County: 1st in GA 1896: ran as vice-president under William Jennings Bryant (Lost) Conti… Tom Watson, Populist

Conti… Tom Watson become the most powerful voice for populism in GA and of the most powerful in the nation. Watson was frustrated that the Democrats weren’t doing enough to help the farmers He left the party and become populist He found it hard to defend himself against white racism