Composite Y internal thoracic artery–saphenous vein grafts: short-term angiographic results and vasoreactive profile  Mario Gaudino, MD, Francesco Alessandrini,

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Composite Y internal thoracic artery–saphenous vein grafts: short-term angiographic results and vasoreactive profile  Mario Gaudino, MD, Francesco Alessandrini, MD, Claudio Pragliola, MD, Nicola Luciani, MD, Carlo Trani, MD, Francesco Burzotta, MD, Fabiana Girola, MD, Giuseppe Nasso, MD, Giovanni Guarini, MD, Gianfederico Possati, MD  The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  Volume 127, Issue 4, Pages 1139-1144 (April 2004) DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2003.07.051

Figure 1 Stringed distal internal thoracic artery in a Y internal thoracic artery–saphenous vein graft. The internal thoracic artery shows diffuse narrowing of its distal portion. Arrow indicates thoracic artery–saphenous vein anastomosis. GSV, Great saphenous vein; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LITA prox, proximal left internal thoracic artery; LITA dist, distal left internal thoracic artery. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2004 127, 1139-1144DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2003.07.051)

Figure 2 Occluded distal internal thoracic artery in a Y internal thoracic artery–saphenous vein graft. The distal tract of the internal thoracic artery results occluded; of note, injection in the left coronary system consents visualization of the distal part of the internal thoracic artery indicating a patent distal anastomosis. Large arrow indicates the presumed level of thoracic artery–saphenous vein anastomosis, whereas small arrows indicate clips on the occluded portion of the internal thoracic artery. GSV, Great saphenous vein; LITA prox, proximal left internal thoracic artery. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2004 127, 1139-1144DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2003.07.051)

Figure 3 Caliber reduction between proximal and distal tract of the internal thoracic artery in an Y internal thoracic artery–saphenous vein graft. Marked reduction of internal thoracic artery diameter is evident between the portion of the artery proximal and distal to the saphenous vein anastomosis. Arrow indicates thoracic artery–saphenous vein anastomosis. GSV, Great saphenous vein; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LITA prox, proximal left internal thoracic artery; LITA dist, distal left internal thoracic artery. The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 2004 127, 1139-1144DOI: (10.1016/j.jtcvs.2003.07.051)