Enhanced Stretch Reflex Excitability of the Soleus Muscle in Persons With Incomplete Rather Than Complete Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Kimitaka Nakazawa,

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Enhanced Stretch Reflex Excitability of the Soleus Muscle in Persons With Incomplete Rather Than Complete Chronic Spinal Cord Injury Kimitaka Nakazawa, PhD, Noritaka Kawashima, MSc, Masami Akai, MD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 87, Issue 1, Pages 71-75 (January 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.08.122 Copyright © 2006 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 The machine used in both the stretch reflex and H-reflex experiments, and representative raw electromyograms (EMGs), joint angles, and torque signal waveforms in both tests. Abbreviations: Exp1, experiment 1; Exp2, experiment 2; Sol, soleus. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006 87, 71-75DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2005.08.122) Copyright © 2006 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Summary of absolute peak-to-peak reflex electromyographic amplitude (SRPP), absolute Hmax value, and Mmax of each subject group. Bar heights show mean and error bars represent the SEM. ANOVA indicated there were statistically significant intergroup differences in the absolute reflex electromyographic amplitude, Hmax, and Mmax. Abbreviations: CSCI, complete spinal cord injury; EC, elderly healthy subjects; ISCI, incomplete spinal cord injury; YC, young health subjects. *Significant between-group differences revealed by Scheffé post hoc comparison (P<.05). Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006 87, 71-75DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2005.08.122) Copyright © 2006 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Summary of relative peak-to-peak stretch reflex sizes and H/M ratios for each subject group. Bar heights show mean and error bars represent the SEM. There were statistically significant intergroup differences in the relative peak-to-peak stretch reflex sizes and H/M. *Significant (P<.05) between-group differences revealed by Scheffé post hoc comparison (P<.05). Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006 87, 71-75DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2005.08.122) Copyright © 2006 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Relations between postinjury time and reflex-related variables evaluated in incomplete SCI and complete SCI subjects. Plots represent individual data from all SCI subjects. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2006 87, 71-75DOI: (10.1016/j.apmr.2005.08.122) Copyright © 2006 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions