What’s New Maureen Fitzpatrick & Kathryn Byrne English Department MLA What’s New Maureen Fitzpatrick & Kathryn Byrne English Department

Purpose Remains the Same Demonstrate thoroughness of research/argument Give credit where credit is due Share information

MLA Recognizes there is more than one correct way to cite a source “. . . . A writer whose primary purpose is to give credit for borrowed material may need to provide less information than a writer who is examining the distinguishing features of particular editions of sources text. Similarly, scholars working in specialized fields may need to cite details about their sources that other scholars making more use of the same resource do not.” (4)

New Format Author. Title of Source. Title of Container, Emphasis on the works cited page Focus on principles rather than rules (p3) Punctuation requires only periods or commas: Author. Title of Source. Title of Container, Other Contributors, Version (i.e. volume), Number, Publisher, Pub date, Location (of info).

Principles Cite Simple Traits Common to Most Works Old version: used styles/information based on publication format New version: uses information or common elements (author, title, page#s) assembled in a logical order. MORE than ONE way to cite a source

What is new? Abbreviations Authors Printed Works Journals Editor, edited by, translator, reviewed by are NOT abbreviated (96) Authors Three or more cite only first followed by et al. (22) Printed Works Pagination uses either p. or pp. then numbers (in text is numbers only) Publication city is no longer required Journals Volume and issue information: vol. 77, no. 2 (old: 77.2) Months and seasons always cited with the year.

What’s New? (cont’d) Online sources Retrievable information is provided always: DOI preferred (replaces URL, 48) give example What’s a DOI? (e.g: 10.1037/a0023101) A digital object identifier (DOI) is a unique alphanumeric string assigned by a registration agency (the International DOI Foundation) to identify content and provide a persistent link to its location on the Internet. The publisher assigns a DOI when your article is published and made available electronically. (Wikipedia) URL (NO http(s):// or angle brackets): www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid/ 3145002&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract

What’s New? (cont’d) Medium of publication is gone (no: Print, Web, microfiche, interview) Date accessed is optional Use no placeholders : n.d., N.p., n.pag. When an element is available in an external source use brackets. Otherwise omit.

What’s New? (cont’d) Publishers Names are now in full but omit words like Company (or variations). Academic press abbreviations remain the same: U, P, and UP. Copublishers use a forward slash (e.g. MIT Press / Renaissance Quarterly ) Publisher as author, provide name only once, usually as publisher (omit author) Other possible omits for publisher’s name: Periodical names (journal, magazine, newspaper) Website and publisher share same name Archives, content services, blog services (these are containers, not publishers) Reference materials now require full information as with other sources.

What’s New? In Text-- In text is unchanged but has added considerations: Time based references are cited in text, e.g. (“Shameless” 00:16:03-10). ½” indentation for block quotes (used to be a full 1”) A, An, The as part of a periodical’s title is now recognized in works cites list.

Helpful sites https://youtu.be/bjbMfL92b7g

Result Writers are asked to think, select, and organize (p4) information in an uncomplicated way. More than one way to correctly document sources Writers generate useful documentation