Unit 2 Notes: Vision.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 2 Notes: Vision

(1) Outer Layers of The Eye 3 layers surrounding inner fluid: Outermost = Sclera Middle Tissue = Choroid Innermost = Retina Inner Fluid = Humor Humor increases inner pressure Maintains eyeball shape Glaucoma  Increase in Pressure

(2) The Sclera White tissue on the outside Contains the cornea: Light enters the eye here Directly connected to nerve endings

(3) The Choroid Made of darker pigments: Keeps light rays inside the eye Contains the ciliary body and the iris: Ciliary Body = Lens is attached to this Tissue Iris = Pigmented portion of your eye Muscle Contract = Decrease Light Inflow Relax = Increase Light Inflow

(4) The Retina Contains Photoreceptors (Rods & Cones) Electrical signal passes from receptors  optic nerve  brain Rods = Shades & Grays Cones = Colors Blue-Yellow Green Red-Green Impulses from multiple receptors  In Between Colors

(5) Color Blindness Monochromacy Dichromacy All cones are missing or damaged No color Still can see shades (rods function) Dichromacy Red-Green Colors look the same Blue-Yellow Colors look the same

http://www.webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/2.html

(6) Light Refraction & The Lens Light passes through the cornea and Lens to enter eyeball… Light passing thru different mediums  Refraction Refraction = Bending of light Eye controls amount of light entering with Iris + Lens: Ciliary Body Contraction  Closing In of Iris  Decreased Pupil Size Ciliary Body Relaxes  Widening of Iris  Increased Pupil Size

(7) Types of Eyesight Emmetropia = Perfect Eye Sight Myopia = Nearsighted Hyperopia = Farsighted Astigmatism = All Messed Up 

(8) Myopia Cornea too convex or bulging… Solution: Light is over focused and refracted before hitting retina Light rays are scattered when hitting retina Blurred Vision Solution: Concave Lens (thinner in middle) Decreases refraction, Spreads out Light Rays

(9) Hyperopia Cornea is too concave (flattened out): Solution: Light is not focused or refracted enough Light rays are scattered when hitting retina Blurred Vision Solution: Convex Lens (thicker in middle) Refracts and Focuses light before hitting eye

(10) Astigmatism Uneven cornea or lens: Solution: Causes blurred vision because light is refracted unevenly Astigma = Not A Point Solution: Concave + Convex Lens Cancels out Uneveness

EYEBALLS!!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y5fpJVro5NY

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