Acid and Base Chemistry To play the movies and simulations included, view the presentation in Slide Show Mode.

Some Properties of Acids Produce H+ (as H3O+) ions in water (the hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a water molecule) Acids start with “H” (HCl, HNO3) Taste sour Corrode metals Electrolytes React with bases to form neutral salt and water pH is less than 7 Turns blue litmus paper to red “Blue to Red A-CID”

Some Properties of Bases Produce OH- ions in water Bases end in “OH”. NaOH Ca(OH)2 Taste bitter, chalky Are electrolytes Feel soapy, slippery React with acids to form neutral salts and water pH greater than 7 Turns red litmus paper to blue “Basic Blue”

Acids and bases are all around us

Acid and Bases

Acid and Bases

Naming Acids and Bases --The name of a nonoxy acid ( Acid w/o Oxygen) --Start with hydro- --Change –ide ending to –ic Example: HBr = hydrobromic acid HCl hydrochloric acid HF hydrofluoric acid

Naming Acids and Bases --The name of an oxyacid Stem of the anion (carbonate) changed to -ic acid HNO3 nitric acid H3PO4 phosphoric acid H2SO4 sulfuric acid H2CO3 carbonic acid

Acid Nomenclature Flowchart

Naming Bases Say the name of the cation and add hydroxide.   NaOH sodium hydroxide KOH potassium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 magnesium hydroxide Al(OH)3 aluminum hydroxide Mn(OH) 2  manganese (II) hydroxide

Acid Base Neutralization Reactions Acid + Base  Salt + Water NaOH + HCl  NaCl + H2O KOH + HCl  H2O + KCl 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4  6H2O + Al2(SO4)3 Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3  2H2O + Ca(NO3)2 Ca(OH) 2 + H2CO3  2H2O + CaCO3 H from acid and OH from base make HOH (H2O ) The elements left over make up the salt Na + Cl  NaCl

Chapter 20 Hw – Due 2/3/17 Read pages 577 – 579 Read pages 590 – 592 Do questions 3 – 5 on page 579 Define Acid and Base Read pages 590 – 592 Do question 16 & 18 on page 593 Read pages 613 – 616 Define Neutralization, Antacid, Titration,

Acid Base Reactions Mg(OH)2 + HNO3  Mg(NO3)2 +H2O If you have 4 moles of water, how many moles of nitric acid were used? KOH + H2SO4  K2SO4 + H2O You are on a shipwreck with only KOH and H2SO4 on-board. If you need 250 g of water, how many grams of KOH will you need? NaOH + H3PO4  Na3PO4 +H2O How many grams of Sodium Phosphate will be produced from 2 moles of phosphoric acid?

Mg(OH)2 + 2HNO3  Mg(NO3)2 +2 H2O 2KOH + H2SO4  K2SO4 + 2H2O 3NaOH + H3PO4  Na3PO4 +3 H2O