Chemical Compounds and Characteristics of Matter Physical Science Unit D Study Guide: Atoms and Elements Chemical Compounds and Characteristics of Matter

1. What is a substance that cannot be chemically broken down into other substances? An element 2. What is a pure substance that is made up of two or more elements? A compound 3. What is the smallest part of an element that still has properties of that element? An atom 4. What are negatively charged particles? Electrons 5. What is a neutron? A particle in an atom that lacks a charge

6. What is a proton? A particle of an atom that is positively charged 7. What is the structure in the center of an atom called? The nucleus 8. What is one of the most common elements on the earth? Carbon 9. What are diamonds made of? 10. What is a form of matter that has a definite shape and size? A Solid

11. What is the periodic table? A table in which the elements are arranged by their properties 12. What are the four groups of elements in the periodic table? Metal, nonmetal; semimetal; noble gas 13. What is an abbreviation of the elements name, sometimes from Greek or Latin? Chemical symbol 14. What is usually shiny, can be stretched, and conducts electricity? A metal 15. What is dull, does not conduct electricity, does not bend or stretch, and breaks easily? A nonmetal

16. What are elements that are like metals in some ways and not like metal in other ways? Semimetal 17. What elements are in the last group of the periodic table that are nonmetals and hardly ever combine with other elements? Noble gasses 18. What are the four types of carbon compounds living things use and make? Carbohydrates; proteins; lipids; nucleic acids 19. What is a compound? A pure substance of two or more elements that are chemically combined 20. What is a shorthand way to describe a compound? A chemical formula

21. What is the process in which one or more substances are changed into one or more different substances? Chemical reaction 22. What is the earth’s most abundant compound? Water 23. What is conductivity? A material’s ability to carry heat or electricity 24. What is a group of two or more atoms that are chemically joined and act as a single unit? A molecule 25. What is the mass per unit volume of a substance? The density

26.What is the temperature at which a liquid changes into a gas? The boiling point: 100 degrees C (212 °F). 27.What is a physical property? Any characteristic of matter that can be detected or measured by the senses 28.What is the ability or tendency of a material to change its chemical makeup? Chemical property 29.What is the process in which one or more substances are changed into one or more different substances? Chemical reaction 30.What is the measure of how much one substance can dissolve another? Its solubility

31. What is a substance that tastes sour and turns blue litmus paper red when dissolved in water? It also releases hydrogen ions. An acid 32. What substances feels slippery, tastes bitter and turns red litmus paper blue when dissolved in water? It receives hydrogen ions. A base 33. This shows the acid or base in a substance. An indicator 34. What is the system of measuring the strength of acids and bases? pH 35. How is salt formed? Salts are formed when a strong acid reacts with a strong base.

36.What is a product? A substance that results from a chemical change 37.What is evaporation? The change in a state from a liquid to a gas 38. What is a shorthand way to describe a compound? A chemical formula 39. What is a mixture in which parts are evenly distributed at the level of atoms or molecules? A solution 40. What are the three states of matter? Solids, liquids, and gasses

41. What is a form of matter that has no definite shape or volume? Gas 42. What form of matter changes its shape to match the shape of its container? Liquid 43. What form of matter has a definite shape and volume? Solid 44.What is a main property of a solid? It keeps its shape 45. What is the proof that a chemical change has taken place when paper burns? A new substance is formed

46. What is an element that does not conduct electricity and is dull in color? A nonmetal 47. Is gold a metal? Yes 48.What element begins with a ‘C’ and is called a building block of matter and living things? Carbon 49. Is burning wood a chemical change? Why? Yes, the wood’s matter changes into gases, smoke, and ashes. 50. What are three properties of salt? It is hard, brittle, and has high melting points.

b 51. What is a mixture? A physical combination of two or more substances 52. What is a homogeneous mixture? A mixture that is uniform throughout 53. What is a heterogeneous mixture? Material is unevenly distributed, e.g. a salad 54. What is the process of a solid changing into a gas without passing through the liquid state? Sublimation 55. What is vaporization? The process of a liquid changing into a gas 56. What is anything that takes up space and has mass? Matter