Two Nations Live on Edge 18.4 Notes

Race for the H-bomb

Race for the H-bomb A-bomb: splits atoms H-bomb: fuses atoms Translation: H-bomb -> bigger boom Russia and the United States competed to see who could build the biggest bomb

Nuclear Shield Brinkmanship: Both the United States and Russia pushed each other to the “brink” of war. Both countries threatened to use their full military force Including nuclear destruction Nuclear Shield: the assurance of mutual self-destruction = peace between nuclear powers (Crimson Tide Video Clips)

Cold War Spreads Iran Iran placed the oil industry under government control, because the US was manipulating world oil prices in favor of the US Afraid that the Iranian government would give Russia oil, the US organized an overthrow of the Iranian government from within. Shah (religious leadership & Monarchy) took over in Iran Former US Policy in Middle East – Youtube video (Chomsky)

Cold War Spreads Latin America Guatemala’s government took 200,000 acres American owned land in Guatemala and gave it to Guatemalan citizens Land owned by American Companies Because of this, Eisenhower accused Guatemala of supporting Communism US trained a CIA special force Invaded Guatemala and captured Arbenz Guzman)

Eisenhower Doctrine Any country in the middle east that is attacked by a Communist country will be defended by the US Why is the US worried about the Middle East? How is this different than the Truman Doctrine?

Change in Russian Leadership Stalin Dies Nikita Khrushchev – took over Criticized Stalin for “repressing his people” Communism would eventually take over the world but that “take over” would not be violent Communism should co-exist peacefully with the US. US and Russia would compete through economics and scientific innovation Launches US and Russian spending in science and education

Can you interpret this political cartoon?

Sputnik Russia was the first country to send a satellite into Earth’s orbit. Radio Broadcast (October Sky Video Clip)

U-2 Incident The US started making high altitude flights over the USSR with their secret spy plane, the U-2 CIA project, not military A U-2 plane crashed over Soviet Russia Causes are a cold war mystery Possibilities Soviet surface to air missile Soviet plane attacked the U-2 Soviet plane rammed the U-2 U-2 Malfunctioned Pilot was a Russian spy (did not use poison pin)

U-2 Incident Eisenhower admitted to Khrushchev (the Russian leader) that the US was spying with the U-2 plane The US exchanges a soviet spy for the return of the U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers