-or- How to Use a Flowchart How to name a compound -or- How to Use a Flowchart 1
This is for a compound that is QxRy 2
SYMBOLS Q is any element or ion (or groups of elements that make an ion -- polyatomic ions). 2
SYMBOLS R is any element or ion (polyatomic ion). 2
SYMBOLS X and Y are numbers and are written as SUBSCRIPTS. 2
Metals vs. Non-metals Non-metal s Metals 3
Box 1 ALWAYS ask yourself: Any of these 3 questions 4
Box 1 ALWAYS ask yourself: Is the first thing listed a metal? 4
Box 1 ALWAYS ask yourself: Is Q = metal? 4
Box 1 ALWAYS ask yourself: Does it have a positive charge? 4
These compounds have two names -- No These compounds have two names -- Molecular compounds Covalent compounds 5
Electrons Covalent compounds SHARE electrons 5
Box 2 Name the first non-metal and then name the second non-metal. Change the ending to -ide. 5
Box 2 Use the prefixes for covalently bonded compounds.
Prefixes 6 = Hexa 1 = Mono 7 = Hepta 2 = Di 3 = Tri 8 = Octa 4 = Tetra 9 = Nona 10 = Deca 1 = Mono 2 = Di 3 = Tri 4 = Tetra 5 = Penta 6
Name N2O3 = Dinitrogen Trioxide 7
YES These compounds are all IONIC and made out of two parts. 8
Parts of IONIC Compound CAtION The part of the compound that is positively charged. 9
Parts of IONIC Compound ANION The part of the compound that is negatively charged. 9
Naming Positive charge is first, then negative charge
Ionic compounds gain or lose electrons
Box 3 ALWAYS ask yourself: Is Q = H? 10
YES Box 4 11
Box 4 Name as an acid. 11
Box 5 [STEM]ending Find ending of anion. -ide -ite -ate 12
Anions S2- Sulfide SO32- Sulfite CH3COO1- Acetate NO21- Nitrite 13
Box 6 ide 14
Box 6A Name of acid is: hydro[stem]ic acid 15
Box 7 ite 16
Box 7A [stem]ous acid 17
Box 8 ate 18
Box 8A [stem]ic acid 19
No Box 9 ALWAYS ask yourself: Does the first ion (cation) listed have a roman numeral in its name? 20
Yes Box 10 Determine the roman numeral. 21
Yes Box 10 Determine it by using charges or by algebra. 21
Name the compound by naming the Box 11 Name the compound by naming the 22
Box 11 cation first 22
Box 11 then name the anion. 22
EXAMPLES 23
KNO3 Ionic Compound K+ = Potassium (+1) ion NO3- = Nitrate (-1) ion Potassium Nitrate Box 1 -> 3 -> 9 -> 11 24
P2O5 Covalent compound Five oxygen = pentoxide diphosphorus pentoxide Two phosphorus = diphosphorus Five oxygen = pentoxide diphosphorus pentoxide Box 1-> 2 29
CuSO4 Ionic Compound Cu 2+ = Copper II (+2) SO4 2- = Sulfate (-2) ion Copper (II) Sulfate Box 1 ® 3 ® 9 ® 10 ® 11 25
CaCO3 Ionic Compound Ca 2+ = Calcium(+2) ion CO32- = Carbonate (-2) ion Calcium Carbonate Box 1 -> 3 -> 9 -> 11 26
N2O Covalent compound Two nitrogen = dinitrogen One oxygen = monoxide dinitrogen monoxide Box 1-> 2 34
H2SO4 Ionic Compound Sulfuric Acid H+ = Hydrogen (+1) ion SO4-2 = Sulfate (-2) ion Anion ending is -ATE Box 1 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5 -> 8 -> 8A 33
(NH4)3PO4 Ionic Compound NH4+ = Ammonium (+1) PO4-3 = Phosphate (-3) Ammonium Phosphate Box 1 -> 3 -> 9 -> 11 27
Na2O Ionic compound Na + = Sodium ion (+1) O -2 = Oxide ion (-2) Sodium Oxide Box 1-> 3 -> 9 -> 11 28
HCl Ionic compound H+ = Hydrogen (+1) ion Cl- = Chloride (-1) ion Anion ending is -IDE Hydrochloric Acid Box 1->3->4->5->6->6A 30
Mg(OH)2 Ionic Compound OH- = Hydroxide (-1) ion Magnesium Hydroxide Mg+2 = Magnesium (+2) ion OH- = Hydroxide (-1) ion Magnesium Hydroxide Box 1 -> 3-> 9 -> 11 31
Fe2 (Cr2O7)3 Ionic compound Iron (III) Dichromate Fe+3 = Iron (III) (+3) Cr2O7-2 = Dichromate (-2) Box 1 -> 3 -> 9 -> 10 -> 11 32