Types of Chemical Reactions

Combination Reaction *Also known as Synthesis A + B AB Putting together elements (or compounds) to make a compound. 2Mg + O 2 2MgO NH 3 + HCl NH 4 Cl Exothermic

Decomposition Reaction AB A + B One substance produces 2 or more simpler substances. Breaking a compound apart. 2H 2 O 2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 O 2 2H 2 O + O 2 Endothermic

Single Replacement Reaction A + BC AC +B The more active element replaces the element in the compound. Takes place if A is more active than B – Table J (Activity Series) Fe + CuSO 4 FeSO 4 + Cu

Will a single replacement reaction occur? Try: Fe + PbSO 4 Yes or No Cl 2 + NaI Yes or No

Double Replacement Reaction AB + CD CB + AD AgNO 3 + NaCl AgCl + NaNO 3 ** Takes place if solid, liquid or gas form

Double Replacement Reaction Solid: Insoluble on Table F – forms precipitate Little solid particles - cloudy Soluble: Dissolves in water Insoluble: Does not dissolve in water

Double Replacement Reaction Solid: From Table F NaCl – CaCO 3 – Na 2 CO 3 – BaSO 4 – FeCl 3 – Soluble Insoluble Soluble Insoluble Soluble

Double Replacement Reaction Solid: 2NaOH(aq) + CuCl 2 (aq) Cu(OH) 2 (s) + 2NaCl(aq) Makes it cloudy Na + OH - Cu +2 Cl - Cu(OH) 2 NaCl

Double Replacement Reaction Liquid: Neutralization Acid Base Reaction The H + ion in the acid reacts with the OH - ion in the base to form water and an ionic salt Acid + Base Salt + Water HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H 2 O

Double Replacement Reaction Gas: Forms – H 2, N 2, O 2, F 2, Cl 2, CO 2, CO, NO 2, H 2 S, CH 4, NH 3 2HI(aq) + Li 2 S(aq) H 2 S(g) + LiI(aq)

Learning Check: Dont worry about balancing these. AgNO 3 + Na 2 SO 3 NH 4 Cl + Ba(NO 3 ) 2 CaCl 2 + K 2 SO4 AgSO 3 + NaNO 3 NH 4 NO 3 + BaCl 2 CaSO 4 + KCl

Combustion Reaction A rapid reaction with oxygen 2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 O CH 4 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O Balance these combustion reactions: __C 6 H 12 O 6 + __O 2 __CO 2 + __H 2 O __HCOOH + __O 2 __CO 2 + __H 2 O __C 7 H 16 + __O 2 __CO 2 + __H 2 O