Luminal surface concentration of lipoprotein (LDL) and its effect on the wall uptake of cholesterol by canine carotid arteries Xiaoyan Deng, PhD, Yves.

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Presentation transcript:

Luminal surface concentration of lipoprotein (LDL) and its effect on the wall uptake of cholesterol by canine carotid arteries Xiaoyan Deng, PhD, Yves Marois, MS, Thien How, PhD, Yahye Merhi, PhD, Martin King, PhD, Robert Guidoin, PhD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 21, Issue 1, Pages 135-145 (January 1995) DOI: 10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0 Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Two-dimensional representation of blood flow through artery shows definitions of symbols assigned to various geometric and physical properties used in theoretical analysis. r represents radial coordinate, x represents axial coordinate, u o represents maximum fluid axial velocity at inlet, u o represents mean fluid axial velocity at inlet, c o and c w represent concentration of lipoproteins at vessel axis and blood-endothelium boundary, respectively, R represents radius of vessel, v w represents filtration velocity of plasma through vessel wall. i , j represent position indexes in x and r direction, respectively. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 (A), Schematic drawing of specimen chamber used for measurement of filtration velocities. (B), Schematic drawing of experimental perfusion system used for measurement of wall uptake rate of labeled cholesterol. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Distribution of the normalized axial fluid velocity (A), radial fluid velocity (B), and lipoprotein concentration (C) in blood flowing through artery with semipermeable wall (D = 5.0 × 10 -8 cm 2/sec). Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Plot of surface concentration of lipoproteins at blood-endothelium boundary, c w (normalized by concentration in bulk flow, c o ), as function of wall shear rate, G w . Calculations were made for 6 mm inner diameter artery with filtration velocity v w = 4.0 × 10 -6 cm/sec. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Plot of normalized surface concentration of lipoproteins, c w /c o , as function of filtration velocity of plasma across the vessel wall, v w . Note strong effect of filtration velocity (which is determined by level of blood pressure) and Re (or wall shear rate, G w ) on surface concentration of lipoproteins at blood-endothelium boundary in 6 mm inner diameter artery. Vertical line indicates value at normal arterial pressure. (A), D = 5.0 × 10 -8 cm 2/sec, (B) D =2.0 × 10 -7 cm 2/sec. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 5 Plot of normalized surface concentration of lipoproteins, c w /c o , as function of filtration velocity of plasma across the vessel wall, v w . Note strong effect of filtration velocity (which is determined by level of blood pressure) and Re (or wall shear rate, G w ) on surface concentration of lipoproteins at blood-endothelium boundary in 6 mm inner diameter artery. Vertical line indicates value at normal arterial pressure. (A), D = 5.0 × 10 -8 cm 2/sec, (B) D =2.0 × 10 -7 cm 2/sec. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Scanning electron photomicrographs of endothelial surface fixed at 100 mm Hg (A) and 200 mm Hg (B). At 100 mm Hg, endothelial lining is almost intact. At 200 mm Hg, only some isolated areas (indicated by arrow ) showed very limited damage to endothelial lining. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 6 Scanning electron photomicrographs of endothelial surface fixed at 100 mm Hg (A) and 200 mm Hg (B). At 100 mm Hg, endothelial lining is almost intact. At 200 mm Hg, only some isolated areas (indicated by arrow ) showed very limited damage to endothelial lining. Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions

Fig. 7 Comparison of filtration velocity of cell culture medium across dog common carotid arterial wall at 100 mm Hg and 200 mm Hg transmural pressure. Note that filtration velocity is significantly higher at transmural pressure of 200 mm Hg ( p < 0.005). Wall uptake rates of labeled cholesterol by dog common carotid arteries at transmural pressures of 100 mm Hg and 200 mm Hg. Transmural pressure (hence filtration velocity) has strong effect on wall uptake rate, hence surface concentration of lipoproteins ( p < 0.005). Journal of Vascular Surgery 1995 21, 135-145DOI: (10.1016/S0741-5214(95)70252-0) Copyright © 1995 Society for Vascular Surgery and International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery, North American Chapter Terms and Conditions