The Coming of the Civil War

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Presentation transcript:

The Coming of the Civil War 1846-1861

Texan Annexation 1836: voted to join U.S. Southerners and Democrats said yes Northerners and Whigs said no Feared war with Mexico

War with Mexico March 1845: Mexico broke relations with U.S. U.S. claimed Rio Grande Texas-Mexico Border Mexico claimed Nueces River Texas-Mexico Border

War II President Polk wanted area from Texas west to Pacific November 1845: sent John Slidell to Mexico City with an offer to buy New Mexico and California for 30 million dollars

War III Mexico said no Polk sent Zachary Taylor and 3,000 troops to Texas Crossed Nueces River March 1846 Mexico considered it invasion

War IV April 1846: skirmish with Taylor’s troops Polk called it an offense to “American Blood on American Soil” May 13, 1846: war declared

Bear Flag Revolt William B. Ide proclaimed the Republic of California Drove Mexican army out of northern California Stephen Kearny took Santa Fe, New Mexico as well

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo Mexico gave up Texas and recognized Rio Grande as border Mexico gave New Mexico and California to U.S. U.S. paid Mexico $15 million

Treaty II U.S. agreed to pay claims made by American citizens against Mexico: $3 million Gadsden Purchase: 1853, 30,000 sq. miles of New Mexico and Arizona to U.S.

Wilmot Proviso Issue: allowance of slavery in the new territories Feared power shift in Congress between North and South David Wilmot: Pennsylvania

Wilmot II Proviso said that all land acquired from Mexico should not have slavery in its borders. The proviso did not pass

Compromise of 1850 Henry Clay’s plan California admitted free New Mexico and Utah would decide slavery issue for themselves Abolish sale of slaves in D.C.

Compromise II Texas would give up claims to New Mexico for 10 million dollars Fugitive Slave Act would be enacted

Fugitive Slave Act Escaped slaves would be returned to their owners Jury trial to be denied for all slaves. *Drapetomania*

Compromise Feelings John C. Calhoun opposed Daniel Webster in favor Calhoun says the South does not want to leave the Union but will do so if justice is not dealt out

Feelings II Webster felt that the Compromise would support the Union. This is what he wanted above all. Congressional approval given

Political Changes Whigs in decline Their struggles (the bank) had been solved Know-nothings: nativism sentiments (against immigrants)

Changes 2 Nativism was committed to the “great work of Americanizing Americans” Main supporters were anti-immigration people

Kansas-Nebraska Act Introduced by Stephen Douglas of Illinois Supported popular sovereignty Asked to repeal the Missouri Compromise Passed by Congress

Republicans Dedicated to stopping “slave power” Fight against slavery extension into new territories Support from Anti-slavery democrats, Whigs,Free-Soilers

Bleeding Kansas Pottawatomie Creek: John Brown and Co. Proslavery people looted Lawrence, Kansas Violence got it the name Bleeding Kansas

Bleeding Summer Charles Sumner v. Preston Brooks Sumner spoke about the evils of slavery and violence in Kansas Brooks beat him with a cane

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