Brittany Sowell, BS, Vladimir G. Fast, PhD Heart Rhythm

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Presentation transcript:

Ionic mechanism of shock-induced arrhythmias: Role of intracellular calcium Brittany Sowell, BS, Vladimir G. Fast, PhD Heart Rhythm Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 96-104 (January 2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.08.024 Copyright © 2012 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Preparation of patterned growth cell cultures. A, B: Photolithographic masks used for patterned growth. The first (A), consisted of narrow strands (width = 0.15 mm) containing an area of local expansion (width = 0.8 mm). The second (B), consisted of linear cell strands with widths of 0.2 and 0.8 mm. Areas of cell growth are shown in white. C, D: Examples of patterned cultures of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Heart Rhythm 2012 9, 96-104DOI: (10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.08.024) Copyright © 2012 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Effects of shock application on Vm and Cai2+. A: Simultaneous recordings of Vm and Cai2+ during application of 29-V/cm shock, which induced one arrhythmic beat. B: Isochronal map of activation spread during the paced beat. C: Isopotential map of maximal shock-induced ΔVm distribution. Heart Rhythm 2012 9, 96-104DOI: (10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.08.024) Copyright © 2012 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Relationship between Vm and Cai2+ rises during an arrhythmic beat. A: Isochronal map of activation spread during the arrhythmic beat. AT = activation time. B: Isochronal map of Cai2+ spread during the arrhythmic beat. C: Vm and Cai2+ recordings from selected sites within the expansion region (sites 1–3) and the narrow strand (site 4). D: Comparison of average Vm-Cai2+ delay between arrhythmic and paced beats. Heart Rhythm 2012 9, 96-104DOI: (10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.08.024) Copyright © 2012 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Postshock elevation of Vm and Cai2+. A: Isochronal map of diastolic ΔVm and spatially averaged Vm traces from control (blue) and shock (green) recordings, as well as the difference between shock and control (red). B: Isochronal map of diastolic Cai2+ rises and selected raw signals showing control, shock, and difference recordings. Dashed line indicates the measurement point of diastolic levels. Heart Rhythm 2012 9, 96-104DOI: (10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.08.024) Copyright © 2012 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Effect of BAPTA on arrhythmias. A: Vm traces recorded during shock application of different strengths in a BAPTA-treated monolayer. B: Arrhythmia duration measured during 5-second interval in control strands (n = 9) and BAPTA-treated strands (n = 17). C: Number of arrhythmic beats. D: Average cycle length of arrhythmic beats measured as the ratio between arrhythmia duration and number of beats. Heart Rhythm 2012 9, 96-104DOI: (10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.08.024) Copyright © 2012 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 Effect of KB-R7943 and BaCl2 on arrhythmias. A: Recordings of cell contractions in response to different shock strengths and experimental treatment. B: Arrhythmia duration, number of beats, and their average cycle length measured during 5-second interval in 12 cell strands in control, during KB-R7943 application, and after drug washout. C: Respective parameters measured in 8 cell strands in control, during BaCl2 application, and after drug washout. Heart Rhythm 2012 9, 96-104DOI: (10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.08.024) Copyright © 2012 Heart Rhythm Society Terms and Conditions