Regents Review Part 2

Some Suggestions (again) Read the question twice. This is NOT a race. Read the info regarding the question. LOOK at everything in the diagrams. Do NOT easily (quickly) make assumptions. Think of your answer before you read the choices Read ALL the choices. Read each choice to the end of the sentence. Be aware of the possibility of trickery!

Low Power High Power 40 X 400 X

How would you move the slide to get specimen A to the middle of the field of view? Low Power High Power 40 X 400 X

Low Power High Power 100 X 400 X

Why are bacteria important? Infectious disease (pathogens) Symbiosis (E. coli +,+; nitrogen fixing bacteria +,+) Why are bacteria important? Genetic Engineering Antibiotic resistance Source of antibiotics Decomposers Bioremediation

Functions of Proteins Antibodies Receptors Enzymes Hormones Transporters (Hemoglobin) Neuro-transmitters

Protein Synthesis DNA ↓ transcription mRNA ↓ translation protein

The Flow of Genetic Information Sequence of bases in DNA determines the Sequence of bases in RNA Sequence of amino acids in Protein

What does the sequence of bases in DNA code for? What cell would this change occur in if it is to be passed on to offspring? What could result from this change?

(cancer, sickle cell anemia etc.) Genetic Disease (cancer, sickle cell anemia etc.) Genetic Variation Why are mutations Important? New Traits Study of genes (e.g. knockout mice) Evolution

Different genes are expressed in different kinds of cells

Match Molecule A with Molecule B: A B Hormone Antigen Enzyme Receptor Antibody Substrate Neurotransmitter

What is the biological catalyst? What life process is shown? What life process would it be if the arrows were reversed?

glycogen, starch, carbohydrate lipid (triglyceride) What would the final molecule be if the original molecules are: amino acids simple sugars fatty acids and glycerol nucleotides protein glycogen, starch, carbohydrate lipid (triglyceride) DNA, RNA (nucleic acids)

Why is insulin important? How does insulin accomplish its function? What kind of molecule is insulin? What organ is X? What process does the dotted arrow represent? What is the function of glycogen? What molecule is glycogen similar to? What organs contain glycogen?

What process is shown in this graph? What life process is shown in the diagram above? What process is shown in this graph? Dynamic equilibrium

What is the independent variable? What would be a good title for this experiment? What are the bubbles? Where does this molecule (in the bubbles) come from?

Applications of Genetic Engineering Production of Human Proteins in bacteria, animals Gene Therapy Applications of Genetic Engineering Recombinant Vaccines Glow in the Dark Animals and Plants More Food (Larger Animals) Disease-ResistantCrops and Cattle

Evolution Anatomy Biochemistry Cytology Fossils Embryology Biogeography Experiments Antibiotic Resistance

Which species is best adapted to changing environmental conditions? Which species are extinct? What is the relationship between F, G and A?

Carrying capacity

Human Populations are responsible for: Habitat Destruction Loss of Biodiversity Deforestation Pollution Poor Land Management Global Warming Ozone Depletion Pesticides

Why is spraying pesticides bad for the environment?

What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important? The number and variety of species found within an ecosystem Variety = Stability of an ecosystem Stability = Survival of an ecosystem

Thermal pollution Fertilizer runoff

Acid Rain Global Warming Ozone Layer Depletion Deforestation Problem Cause Solution Acid Rain Global Warming Ozone Layer Depletion Deforestation Loss of Biodiversity Invasive Species Dead Zones (no oxygen in water)

Alternative energy sources; Scrubbers remove SO2 Acid Rain Problem Cause Solution Alternative energy sources; Scrubbers remove SO2 Acid Rain Global Warming Ozone Layer Depletion Deforestation SO2 from burning coal Greenhouse gases (CO2, methane and others) from burning fossil fuels, cattle Alternative energy sources; Energy Conservation; Remove, bury CO2 CFCs Ban CFCs Construction Materials; Cattle raising Human population growth Recycle; reduce consumption Eat less meat Population Control

Overharvesting, Exploitation Invasive Species Habitat Conservation; Problem Cause Solution Loss of Biodiversity Invasive Species Dead Zones (no oxygen in water) Loss of Habitat Overharvesting, Exploitation Invasive Species Habitat Conservation; Laws; Species Conservation; Biological Control Importation of alien species Biological Control Thermal pollution Algae Blooms from fertilizer runoff Raw sewage Cool water? Use less fertilizer or modified fertilizer (less phosphorus) Sewage treatment