Advanced Inhibition of Undesired Human Hair Growth by PPARγ Modulation? Yuval Ramot, Arianna Mastrofrancesco, Erika Herczeg-Lisztes, Tamás Bíró, Mauro.

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Advanced Inhibition of Undesired Human Hair Growth by PPARγ Modulation? Yuval Ramot, Arianna Mastrofrancesco, Erika Herczeg-Lisztes, Tamás Bíró, Mauro Picardo, Jennifer E. Kloepper, Ralf Paus Journal of Investigative Dermatology Volume 134, Issue 4, Pages 1128-1131 (April 2014) DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.473 Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 GMG-43AC enhances premature catagen, but stimulates keratins K15 and K19. (a) The percentage of hair follicles (HFs) in anagen and early, mid, or late catagen. GMG43-AC administration induced catagen. (b) Hair cycle score, determined as previously described (Supplementary Reference S2 online). A higher score means catagen induction. Columns represent means±SEM; data were pooled from five independent experiments (n=54–71 HFs for each group). (c, d) GMG43-AC stimulated immunoreactivity of K15 (c) and K19 (d) in organ-cultured human scalp HFs. Staining intensities were measured in defined reference areas (white rectangles) using ImageJ software. In addition, the number of K15- (c) and K19-positive (d) cells was counted relative to the total number of DAPI-positive cells. Bars=50 μm. Columns represent means±SEM (n=22–44 HFs per group). *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001; unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 134, 1128-1131DOI: (10.1038/jid.2013.473) Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Suppression of IL-6 in response to GMG-43AC. (a, b) The mRNA transcript level of IL-6 evaluated by real-time PCR in normal human keratinocytes (NHKs) stimulated with IFNγ (30 ng ml−1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α; 10 ng ml−1) in the presence of GMG-43AC (0.5 mM) for 6 hours. The values are normalized to GAPDH and are expressed relative to those of untreated cells. (c, d) IL-6 protein level measured by ELISA assay in NHK supernatants treated with IFNγ (30 ng ml−1) and TNF-α (10 ng ml−1) in the presence of GMG-43AC (0.5 mM) for 24 hours. Cytokine levels were measured in duplicate for each condition and expressed as pg per mg protein. The statistical significance between groups was assessed using paired Student’s t-test **P<0.01; ***P<0.001 versus Ctr; ##P<0.01 versus stimulus. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2014 134, 1128-1131DOI: (10.1038/jid.2013.473) Copyright © 2014 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions