Volume 80, Issue 1, Pages 79-87 (July 2011) Aberrant glycosylation of IgA1 is inherited in both pediatric IgA nephropathy and Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis  Krzysztof Kiryluk, Zina Moldoveanu, John T. Sanders, T. Matthew Eison, Hitoshi Suzuki, Bruce A. Julian, Jan Novak, Ali G. Gharavi, Robert J. Wyatt  Kidney International  Volume 80, Issue 1, Pages 79-87 (July 2011) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2011.16 Copyright © 2011 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Serum total immunoglobulin A (IgA) and galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) levels in pediatric cases, pediatric controls, and adult controls. Correlations between (a) serum total IgA and Gd-IgA1; (b) age and serum total IgA; and (c) age and serum Gd-IgA1. Pearson's correlation coefficients with corresponding P-values are depicted above each graph. NS, not significant. Kidney International 2011 80, 79-87DOI: (10.1038/ki.2011.16) Copyright © 2011 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Serum galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 (Gd-IgA1) and total IgA levels as predictors of pediatric IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN). (a) Crude (unadjusted) serum Gd-IgA1 levels in children with HSPN, IgAN, and healthy pediatric controls (P-values: the Mann–Whitney U-test); (b) age- and gender-adjusted trait values expressed as standardized residuals of log-transformed Gd-IgA1 regressed against age and sex (P-values: Student's t-test); and (c) receiver operating characteristics curves for serum Gd-IgA1 and total serum IgA in pediatric IgAN and (d) pediatric HSPN. Kidney International 2011 80, 79-87DOI: (10.1038/ki.2011.16) Copyright © 2011 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Serum galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 (Gd-IgA1) levels in first-degree relatives. (a) Parents of children with Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) versus healthy adult controls; (b) cases of HSPN, their parents, and healthy pediatric controls; (c) pediatric cases of IgAN, their parents, and healthy pediatric controls; (d) serum Gd-IgA1 levels in first-degree relatives versus index cases; and (e) serum Gd-IgA1 levels in healthy adult controls compared with first-degree relatives after stratification by Gd-IgA1 in the index cases (high level in index cases was defined as >95th percentile for a group of pediatric controls, whereas high level in relatives was defined as >95th percentile for a group of adult controls). NS, not significant. Kidney International 2011 80, 79-87DOI: (10.1038/ki.2011.16) Copyright © 2011 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions