Bellwork: 1. DON’T FORGET COMP BOOK. 2. Collect Textbook 3 Bellwork: 1. DON’T FORGET COMP BOOK!!!!! 2. Collect Textbook 3. Turn to page 74-75. Using the timeline: How many years after the city-states arose in Sumer did the first settlements develop along the Indus River? (YOU DON’T HAVE TO WRITE DOWN)

G. R. A. P. E. S. G – Geography R – Religion A – Achievements P – Political System E – Economy S – Social Structure

Prepare your paper: Take out a sheet of paper. Fold your paper one time hot dog style Next, without opening your paper, fold it hamburger style. Open it up. You should have 4 blocks.

Labeling each block Put your name in one block Label one block: G – Geography Label one block: R – Religion Label one block: A – Achievements Label one block: P – Political Systems Label one block: E – Economy Label one block: S – Social Structure Summary will take up last two boxes.

Stations Starting where you are, you have 4 minutes to complete one section of the block based on letter your group has. When the timer goes off, your group will rotate to the next group. You will have 4 minutes to complete the section of the next block based on the letter. You have textbooks and papers to use to fill your block. Write small and list items. You may work as a group to help each other. If someone in your group is hindering or not doing their part, please report them and they will be removed to complete blocks individually with a textbook.

Ancient Mesopotamia GULF

Geography Physical environment and how it may influence an economy and culture. Located between Tigris and Euphrates river in the fertile crescent. Overflow of rivers made land very fertile. Rivers flowed into the Persian Gulf through modern-day Iraq and Kuwait. Irrigation streams allowed for large-scale farming.

Economy How a civilization makes money through the buying and selling of goods and services Surplus of crops enabled cities to grow into trading centers. Division of labor leads to specialized, non-agricultural jobs like artisans, builders and metalworkers. Goods were traded as far as Egypt and Pakistan. Developed trade routes which were traveled by caravan. Used animals and wheeled carts to move large amounts of goods. Sumerians used money, which made individual wealth more easily measured and stored.

Achievements The lasting contributions of a civilization. Hammurabi's Code Created world’s first city-states. Had the world’s first monarchies. Developed the format of time we still use in the present. Invented wheeled cart and possibly the sailboat. Scribes wrote the “Epic of Gilgamesh”, one of the oldest-surviving and most famous stories ever written. Akkadian Empire was the first empire in the world. Cuneiform was one of the first writing systems in recorded history.

In early Mesopotamia scribes carved pictographs into clay tablets. An Ancient Scribe In early Mesopotamia scribes carved pictographs into clay tablets.

Government/Leadership How a civilization creates an organized way of leadership. Sumer was originally made of 12 separate city-states. Hence, the people called themselves Sumerians. Akkadian Empire survived 250 years. Babylonian Empire united the numerous city-states under imperial rule. Each city-state was run by its own king. Hammurabi set laws for the entire empire. Sumer united under army leader Sargon, and became world’s first empire. Sargon

Religion A belief system that influences the development of a civilization. Polytheistic (the belief in many gods). Nature based gods, and made offerings and animal sacrifices to appease the gods, in hopes that they could influence nature positively . Enlil = air god, Enki = water god Kings were demigods (part man, part gods). Enlil & Enki

Social Classes Had first ever monarchy (king or queen rule). How a civilization is divided into classes that have different roles, responsibilities and privileges. Had first ever monarchy (king or queen rule). King and royal family were at top of social order. The middle class made up the majority of society. Women had rights protected by law. Slaves were common, acquired from conquered territories.

SUMMARY Only write your answers! You don’t have to rewrite questions. 1. Name one achievement that the Mesopotamians had that we use today. 2. How do you think that achievement changed the world? 3. What do you think they would think if they saw the way we use that achievement today?