Revolution Brings Reform and Terror The revolutionary government of France made reforms but also used terror and violence to retain power. GOES FROM GOOD, TO BAD, TO UGLY VERY QUICKLY!!! The French Revolution is going to evolve and some might even say, stray away from the very ideals that ignited this revolution. (LET’s TAKE A LOOK!!!)

Revolution Brings Reform and Terror THE GOOD  THE BAD AND THE UGLY 

Key Terms/Names 1. Declaration of the Rights of Man 2. Legislative Assembly 3. Émigré 4. Sans-culottes 5. Guillotine 6. Maximillien Robespierre 7. Committee of Public Safety 8. Reign of Terror

La Marsailles Come, children of the Fatherland Our day of glory has come! Against us the bloody flag of tyranny is raised! The bloody flag is raised. Can you hear in the country The shrikes of those ferocious soldiers? They come to our very arms To slaughter our sons and our wives To arms, citizens! Form your battalions! March forth! March forth! Let their impure blood water our fields! https://youtu.be/EIzzugI7Tdo 55 seconds

Critical Thinking 1. What mood does the song reflect? How does the music and lyrics capture the spirit of the French Revolution? What thoughts/reactions/feelings would each of the following person have regarding this song? King Louis XVI Sans-culottes Émigré

Star Spangled Banner Oh! say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars, through the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Oh! say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

Declaration of the Rights of Man Adopted by the National Assembly Guaranteed citizens equal justice, freedom of speech and freedom of religion Offered popular souveriegnty “LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY” Negative~did not apply to women

A State-Controlled Church The Catholic Church lost its lands and political independence The National Assembly sells church lands to pay off France’s debt Émigré Clash between bourgeoisie and peasants (who were Conservative Catholics) Created a DIVIDE between the peasants and bourgeoisie From now on, the peasants would oppose further revolutionary change

Louis Tries to Escape Many warned the king that he and his family were in danger. Louis XVI and his family tries to escape from France He is caught at the border, and returned back to Paris He will eventually be tried as an “enemy” of the republic and executed (Marie Antoinette too!!!)

Conflicting Goals Cause Divisions The National Assembly finally creates a constitution, a LIMITED CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY in 1791 The Legislative Assembly has the power to create laws and declare war Within the assembly, you have 3 factions: Radicals Moderates Conservatives

War and Extreme Measures Legislative Assembly declare war on Prussia and Austria Monarchs and nobles from other European nations afraid of what was happening in France “September Massacres” Legislative Assembly give up the idea of a limited monarchy France forced to start a draft

The Reign of Terror The Jacobins and the Radicals gain strength and decide to wipe out any “enemy” of the state Maximilien Robespierre, leader of the Committee of Public Safely, decides who is considered an enemy of the republic Rules almost as a dictator from July 1793-July 1794

Reign of Terror (con’t) Over 40,000 people killed in one year 75%+ of those killed from 3rd Estate! (The Revolution was supposed to be for them!

Death of Robespierre Eventually the public withdrew support of Robespierre: too many senseless killings Other members of the Committee of Public Safety wanted to kill him before he killed them July 28, 1794 Robespierre publicly executed in Paris His death signals the end of the Reign of Terror