Primary Source Analysis, Discussion, & Thesis Creation

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Presentation transcript:

Primary Source Analysis, Discussion, & Thesis Creation African Perspectives of Europeans vs. European Perspectives of Africans 13th -17th Centuries West Africa Primary Source Analysis, Discussion, & Thesis Creation

African POVs: The Europeans

Africa 1500 – 1600s Songhai fading in power as trade moved to the coast & gunpowder utilized in N. Africa Trade on W. African coast encourages state-creation & arms trade Benin Ruled by a powerful Oba State-run bronze working industry Did not convert to Christianity Kongo On Western coast Converted to Christianity Tried to control emerging slave trade (were unsuccessful long term)

Edo People (Anonymous) 16th – 17th century Benin Kingdom. Nigeria Salt Cellar, Ivory Late 15th- early 16th century, Benin Kingdom. Nigeria. Salt Cellar, Ivory Edo People (Anonymous)

Oba Stone Relief 13th-15th centuries, Benin Kingdom. Nigeria.

Bronze Long House Box – Lost Wax-Method Benin, Nigeria 17th Century Depicts elaborate palace entrance of Benin Kingdom. Monumental bronze birds are mounted on roof, while two Portuguese soldiers metaphorically stand on top of the entrance’s roof.

Excerpt of Letters from Manicongo Afonzo to the King of Portugal, (1526?) “Many of our people . . . desirous of wares of your kingdom . . . seize many of our people, free men . . . and they often kidnap even noblemen . . . and take them to be sold to the white men who are in our kingdom . . . To avoid such a great evil we passed a law so that any white man . . . should first inform three of our noblemen and officials of our court . . . who should investigate if the mentioned goods are captives or free men . . .”

Manicongo Afonzo to the King of Portugal, July 6, 1526 “Your highness should know how our Kingdom is being lost . . . Since this is caused by the excessive freedom given by your agents and officials to the men and merchants who are allowed to come to this Kingdom to set up shops with goods and many things which have been prohibited by us . . . It was with these things that we had [our vassals] content and subjected under our vassalage and jurisdiction, so it is doing a great harm not only to the service of God, but the security and peace of our Kingdoms and State as well. So great, Sir, [due to] the corruption and [lawlessness] our country is being completely depopulated . . .”

European POVs: The Africans

#1 Bust of Manuel ne Vunda (Antonio Manuel) by Italian artist, F. Caporale Marble 1608 Rome Ambassador from the King of the Kongo to the Pope.

#2 “The City of Benin” By O. Dapper Amsterdam, Netherlands 1687 Oba procession. Benin Palace depicted in background.

“Homage of the Portuguese ambassadors to the King of Kongo in 1491” #1 “Homage of the Portuguese ambassadors to the King of Kongo in 1491” By F. Pigafetta 1598 Frankfurt, Germany

er #2 “Tale of the Congo Kingdom” F. Pigafetta 1591 Rome African dress from the point of view of an European artist.

Thesis Creation Based on previous information and information gathered from today’s sources/ discussion, create a thesis statement for the following prompt. Prompt: Compare and contrast African and European perspectives of each other between the 13th-17th centuries in West Africa. Prepare to share.