African American Leadership during the Progressive Era Unit 3 African American Leadership during the Progressive Era

Populism 1892, a 3rd party called the Populists –”The People’s Party” Encouraged farmers to unite to defeat the Republican & Democratic Parties Led by Thomas Watson of Georgia Argued that both black & white tenant farmers were controlled by corporations & wealthy white landlords But still argued for segregation & white supremacy  Southern Democrats used fraud & intimidation against blacks

Unit 3 African American Leadership during the Progressive Era

Warm Up What are the most significant issues in the African American community today? What kind of leadership is necessary to make positive change? Jesse Williams BET speech https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=orXogk3euMA What issues does Jesse Williams bring up about African American life?

Progressive Era B/w 1890 – 1920, time of great social change caused by the negative effects of rapid economic & technological changes White middle –upper middle class movement; not interested in racial equality Wanted to improve: Working conditions Living conditions in cities Consumer safety (food & drugs) Break up monopolistic corporations Women’s suffrage African Americans will be their own leaders http://www.truthrevolt.org/news/rare-truth-melissa-harris-perry-says- progressive-era-was-racist-video

Melissa Harris-Perry –Progressive Era was steeped in racism http://www.truthrevolt.org/news/rare-truth-melissa-harris-perry- says-progressive-era-was-racist-video

Three Approaches to Equality B/w 1890 – 1920, African American leaders championed three different approaches to racial equality: Direct confrontation of discrimination - Use courts to get equality & integration Accommodation of racial prejudice through separate schools, businesses, neighborhoods Racial pride & Pan-Africanism – segregation by choice

Organize your notes into the chart Booker T Washington W.E.B. Dubois Marcus Garvey

W.E.B. Dubois 1st African American to earn a PhD Prolific writer of non-fiction & fiction, including The Souls of Black Folks Founded the Niagara Movement, NAACP and The Crisis magazine The legal system had to be used to bring about equality, integration, voting rights Early supporter of Washington, but by 1903 attacks him Believed that by not confronting white prejudice & Jim Crow laws, Washington & other accommodators were admitting the African Americans were inferior

Booker T. Washington Committed to industrial & agricultural education Advocated for accommodation –social segregation accepted, b/c if blacks made economic progress, whites would concede equality Co-founder of the Tuskegee Institute & University believed that African Americans would have to be educated & productive in order for white acceptance Atlanta Compromise Speech, 1895 1st African American to be a guest at the White House Many blacks supported his ideas early on, but criticized later on

Marcus Garvey Founded the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) Began movement in his native Jamaica, invited by Booker T. Washington to come to the US Popular in urban areas, set up his US program in NYC Used religious influenced rhetoric –called ‘the Black Moses’ Argued that people of African ancestry would never be accepted by whites should return to Africa to build a new nation African people should be freed from European colonization Founded businesses ‘The Black Star Line’ shipping business Weekly newspaper ‘Negro World’ Grocery stores & restaurants

Close Booker T. Washington Marcus Garvey W.E.B. DuBois

Independent Practice Read & Take Notes pp. 175-181 -Use graphic organizer p.174 2. Answer # 1- 9 pp 175 – 181 Due at the end of class today

Warm Up Read the speech by Marcus Garvey, “If you believe the negro has a soul’, and answer the questions.

Washington vs. Dubois https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NnVt9RvN548

Gallery Walk: Washington, Dubois, Garvey? Description of Document Leader it is about How do you know? A B C D E F G

Close Whose words do you think made the most sense for African Americans during the Jim Crow Era and why?

America after the Civil War WEB Dubois https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TGOEED_MexI Booker T. Washington https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07cispyOhWQ Marcus Garvey https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-XjloOKl60 Reconstruction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOJch5C8aEg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RNftCCwAol0 America after the Civil War