Speed, Velocity and Acceleration

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Presentation transcript:

Speed, Velocity and Acceleration The Science of Speed Speed, Velocity and Acceleration

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Speed Speed is a measure of how fast something is moving Speed is a SCALAR quantity- it only requires a magnitude

Velocity The terms speed and velocity are used interchangeably Velocity is speed in a given direction Ex. A car travels 60 km/h north

Velocity is . . . VECTOR quantity- it must have both magnitude and direction magnitude is the speed of the object direction: north, south, east, west, etc.

Comparison Speed is the magnitude of velocity This means it is the number value associated with the velocity of an object

Average Speed A quantity divided by time is a RATE

Average Speed Does not indicate variations in speed of an object

Average Velocity Occurs when either speed or direction changes V =

Instantaneous Speed The speed of an object at any one instant A football player does not always travel at the same speed

Speedometers measure the instantaneous speed of a car

Example 1 If the odometer reads zero at the beginning of a trip and 35 km a half hour later, what is the average speed? What is this speed in m/s?

Example 2 You travel 200 miles in 3 hours before stopping 30 minutes for lunch and gas. After lunch, you travel 150 miles in one and a half hours. What is your average speed?

Requires constant SPEED and DIRECTION Constant Velocity Requires constant SPEED and DIRECTION The object does not speed up or slow down The object moves in a straight line

Constant Velocity Graph The velocity is equal to the slope of a distance versus time graph

Example 3 During her first track meet, Andrea runs with an average velocity of 6.02 m/s to the east. What distance does Andrea cover in 137 s?

Example 4 Last weekend I traveled from Lawrenceville to Dillard (100 km). If I drove 50 km/h for the first 50 km and 100 km/h for the second 50 km, what was my average velocity?

Position Time graphs Used to describe motion Motion can be constant or changing Motion can be in a positive or negative direction Motion can be fast or slow Slope of the line tells us the type of motion occurring

Slope of a Line

Three Little Pigs The wolf started from his house The wolf traveled to the straw house. The wolf stayed to blow it down and eat dinner. The wolf traveled to the stick house. Again he stayed, blew it down, and ate. The wolf traveled to the brick house. The wolf died in the stew pot at the brick house.