The Cold War Heats Up: Asia What causes the cold war to heat up in Asia?

Chinese Civil War Nationalists (led by Chiang Kai-shek) vs. Communists (led by Mao Zedong)–began in 1927, resumed after WWII US must “contain” Communism, will aid Chiang during Civil War ($2 billion) VS

“Loss” of China Nationalists winning at first but as China’s economy worsens more people side w/ Communists 1949: Mao wins, creates “People’s Rep. Of China” Chiang & his “Republic of China” flee to the island of Taiwan – “Loss of China” = containment policy fails Stalin requests UN seat be given to PRC, US vetoes

UN votes to split Korea at 38th parallel Korean War UN votes to split Korea at 38th parallel US sends money to Syngman Rhee & S. Korea (Rep of Korea) Soviets send weapons to Kim Il Sung & N. Korea (Dem People’s Rep of Korea) 1950: NK invades SK (at Stalin’s request) Discuss: What would you do if you were SK? When Soviets are boycotting UN over Mao, Sec. Council votes to use troops in Korea – US will “lead” UN forces

1. June-Sept ‘50: N Korea takes almost entire peninsula The Fighting in Korea 1. June-Sept ‘50: N Korea takes almost entire peninsula 2. Nov ‘50 : MacArthur arrives w/ UN army – push NK to China 3. Jan ‘51: Mao’s Chinese army enters war, pushes UN back into S Korea 3 2 1

Truman says goal is to get NK out of SK, can’t expand the war MacArthur’s Solution MacArthur urges Truman to drop an atomic bomb on China Truman says goal is to get NK out of SK, can’t expand the war MacArthur publicly criticizes Truman to Press & Congress Truman fires MacArthur

1952: Truman popularity at 25% , doesn’t seek re-election End of the Korean War 1952: Truman popularity at 25% , doesn’t seek re-election Dwight Eisenhower runs as Republican, easily wins July 1953: Eisenhower signs armistice ending the war, Communism contained in SK