Starter Name the three components of the Cell Theory. What is the function of the nucleus? What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Starter Name the three components of the Cell Theory. All organisms are composed of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of life. All cells arise from preexisting cells What is the function of the nucleus? What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Starter Name the three components of the Cell Theory. What is the function of the nucleus? contains the cell's hereditary information and controls the cell's growth and reproduction What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Starter Name the three components of the Cell Theory. What is the function of the nucleus? What is the function of the cytoplasm? acts as a liquid medium to suspend organelles

Mitosis and the Cell Cycle

I can explain how cells divide from existing cells. Objective I can explain how cells divide from existing cells.

Cells Come From Preexisting Cells Cell Division: process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells

Reasons for Cell Division Growth & Development– living things grow by increasing in the number of cells Repair / Healing – repair or healing of damage tissues Replacement – when cells become old they die and are replaced with new cells Asexual Reproduction–offspring are genetic clones of the parent

Asexual Reproduction Mitosis: cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

The Cell Cycle Cell cycle: a series of events from the time a cell forms until it divides. What occurs during the cell cycle: The cell grows The cell prepares to divide The cell divides to form two new daughter cells

What would happen if a cell were to simply split into 2 without any advance preparation?

Interphase Interphase: the interval between cell division when a cell grows and replicates its DNA Consists of 3 stages G1 S G2

Interphase: G1 Phase Cell growth occurs in this stage

Interphase: S Phase DNA synthesis (replication) occurs in this stage

DNA Replication Chromosomes are made up of DNA which carries the cell’s genetic information Before cell division each chromosome is copied Each chromosome consists of two identical sister chromatids When the cell divides the chromatids separate into two different cells

Interphase: G2 Phase Organelles needed for cell division are made in preparation for mitosis

Mitosis Mitosis occurs in 4 Stages: Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Hint to help remember the order– IPMAT, or I Picked My Apple Today

Mitosis: Prophase Prophase: stage of mitosis where chromosomes condense and become attached to spindle fibers chromosomes condense and become visible in a “x” shape and bind to the chromosomes at the centromere Centriole pairs move to the opposite side of the cell Nuclear envelope breaks down

Mitosis: Metaphase Metaphase: stage of mitosis at which all chromosomes are aligned in the middle of the cell

Mitosis: Anaphase Anaphase: stage of mitosis during which sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite sides of the cell

Mitosis: Telophase Telophase: stage of mitosis during which chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and a new nucleus forms around each cluster of chromosomes

Cytokinesis Cytokinesis: the division of material outside of the nucleus The organelles and cytoplasm are roughly divided into two equal halves

I can explain how cells divide from existing cells. Objective I can explain how cells divide from existing cells.