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Who am I? / Which process? It’s Homeostasis Genius! You Better Know This Tomorrow Molecular Genetics Ecology 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points

Blood vessel What am I?

Blood vessel An Endocrine Gland

During which process does it occur? Name the process Why is it important? During which process does it occur?

Meiosis (sexual reproduction) Crossing Over Meiosis (sexual reproduction) Creates Genetic Diversity (important if environment changes)

3 Processes shown here

Nutrition Absorption Respiration Excretion

What 3 life processes do I accomplish? Who Am I? Label A and B. What 3 life processes do I accomplish? A B

The cell membrane A – protein B – lipid Life processes: regulation, nutrition, excretion

Name Each Process 2 1 3 5 4 A B

Active Transport Immune Response; Phagocytosis Protein Synthesis Question 5a Transcription Active Transport Translation 2 1 3 5 4 osmosis Active Transport Immune Response; Phagocytosis

What process is illustrated below? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Dynamic Equilibrium - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

All the chemical reactions/processes occuring in the cells of an organism

Metabolism

Describe how A maintains homeostasis Label A and B Give an example of A Describe how A maintains homeostasis A B

Example – insulin; lowers amount of glucose in blood by getting glucose into cells

Name this Process Name the Life Process

Negative Feedback Regulation

Name the 2 organ systems responsible for maintaining homeostasis Describe a self-regulation mechanism in each organ system that helps it achieve homeostasis. Describe a disease that affects each of these organ systems

Nervous Endocrine Negative feedback Opposing branches of n.s. (sympathetic; parasympathetic) Opposing hormones (insulin and glucagon) Negative feedback Parkinsons Alzheimers Multiple Sclerosis Cerebral Palsy Diabetes Obesity Goiter Grave’s Disease

in different kinds of cells Different genes are activated (expressed; making the protein they code for) in different kinds of cells

Why is there no trypsin activity at low What is the dependent variable in the experiment summarized in the graph above? Why is there no trypsin activity at low and high pH?

Denaturation of enzyme so it cannot fit substrate Trypsin Activity Denaturation of enzyme so it cannot fit substrate

What is the biological catalyst? What life process is shown? What would the reverse process be?

Question 3c What is the biological catalyst? an enzyme What life process is shown? synthesis What would the reverse process be? digestion

What process is happening here? What are the products of this process? What is X? What process is happening here? What are the products of this process? In what organelle does this process occur?

What is X? carbon dioxide What process is happening here? cellular respiration What are the products of this process? carbon dioxide, water In what organelle does this process occur? mitochondria

cleavage, gastrulation, differentiation uterus alcohol, nicotine Fertilization of sperm and egg a zygote has half of the genes present in each parent’s body cell (it has 2 sets of genes – one from each parent) cleavage, gastrulation, differentiation uterus alcohol, nicotine Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Low birth weight

What is the concept illustrated by this experiment? Give another example of this concept

The environment can influence the expression of genes Light activates chlorophyll production Temperature during development determines sex of offspring in alligators Temperature affects the development of curly-winged flies

3 sources of genetic diversity

(crossing over, random assortment) Mutations Meiosis (crossing over, random assortment) Fertilization (variety of gametes)

The Flow of Genetic Information The sequence of ? in ? The ? of ? in ? The ? of ? in ?

The Flow of Genetic Information Sequence of bases in DNA determines the Sequence of bases in RNA Sequence of amino acids in Protein

5 Applications of Genetic Engineering

Applications of Genetic Engineering Transgenic animals (Dolly, big salmon) Transgenic Plants (edible vaccines, disease-resistant crops) Recombinant Vaccines (make a harmless virus look like HIV) Producing Human Proteins (insulin, growth hormone, interferon) Gene Therapy (hemophilia, blindness) (“teach a man to fish”)

2 ways an invasive species can lead to the extinction on a native species

Competition Predation Parasitism

Name 2 species that would probably contain the highest level of DDT per gram of tissue. Which organism represents the feeding level with the least overall amount of energy? Removing which organism would have the greatest impact on this community? Explain

Hawks, Lice Lice Grasses, shrubs – no food for primary consumers

Which organisms have the greatest biomass? Which organisms have exceeded their carrying capacity? How would you describe the level of stability in this ecosystem? Explain… What can be done to avert an environmental disaster?

Animal plankton Unstable – producer will be consumed then animal plankton will die off and there will be no food for small fish etc… Use biological control to check the animal plankton population; stimulate the growth of more algae

Problem Cause Solution Acid Rain Global Warming Ozone Layer Depletion Loss of Biodiversity Invasive Species

Problem Cause Solution Acid Rain Global W. Ozone Depletion Loss of Biodiversity Invasive Species Alternative energy sources; Scrubbers remove SO2 SO2 from burning coal Alternative energy sources; Energy Conservation; Remove, bury CO2 Greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels, cattle CFCs Ban CFCs Loss of Habitat Overharvesting, Exploitation Invasive Species Habitat Conservation; Laws; Species Conservation; Biological Control Importation of alien species with no natural enemies Biological Control

Final Jeopardy Make your wager

Final Answer

Final Question