AP Day 42

Starter Write reading quiz in box Pull out reading guide Pull out half-sheet of paper and label it: 8.1-8.2 Political Quiz

Supranationalism Federal Unitary Devolution Municipalities Gerrymandering

POLITICAL ECONOMIC League of Nations United Nations (UN) Supranationalism: When sovereign countries give up portions of their power to form an international organization. Can be for multiple purposes (economic, political, etc.) POLITICAL ECONOMIC League of Nations United Nations (UN) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) European Union (EU) North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Sovereign State (Country) Supranationalism Sovereign State (Country) Individual Regions (State/Territories, Counties, Municipalities)

Municipalities: a city, town, or other district possessing corporate existence and usually its own local government. Devolution: Transfer of power from national government to local governments (states/municipalities) and follows regional lines Very peaceful process! Not like balkanization or forced change of power

UNITARY FEDERAL Difference between…. Power is in a central government Ex: Most of Western Europe, China, Iran Power distributed along a hierarchy of more local to more national control Ex: United States, Mexico, Russia, Nigeria https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=md2ZHlyYOsc

Green = Federal Blue = Unitary

Flow of Power Federal Unitary Local Local Central Government

Simplified Flow Chart Yes Yes Federal No Unitary No Do the subunits have any power of their own (autonomy)? Yes Yes Federal No Does the country have sub-units? No Unitary

Unitary Pros Cons Single and decisive governing body Cost-efficient Smaller government Slow to respond More power in hands of few Foreign issues more important than local

A federal system has a constitutional (formal) division of power between national and subnational levels of government, while in unitary systems, all the power is constitutionally (formally) given to the national government. include any of the following: • In a unitary system, devolution may occur, and subnational levels of government may have regional autonomy, but these powers may be rescinded by the national government. In a federal system, regional autonomy is constitutionally (formally) protected. • In a unitary system, powers held by subnational levels of government are delegated by the central government, and no powers are reserved to the subnational level. In a federal system, subnational levels of government have separate, formally reserved powers.

GerryMandering a practice intended to establish a political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries.

Gerrymandered US Congressional District or Rorschach Inkblot?

Gerrymandered US Congressional District or Rorschach Inkblot?

Gerrymandered US Congressional District or Rorschach Inkblot?

Gerrymandered US Congressional District or Rorschach Inkblot?

Gerrymandered US Congressional District or Rorschach Inkblot?

Gerrymandered US Congressional District or Rorschach Inkblot?

Unitary, Federal, and Confederations Youtube Video