Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes.

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KEY CONCEPT Independent assortment and crossing over during meiosis result in genetic diversity.

Sexual reproduction creates unique combinations of genes. Sexual reproduction results from fertilization Increases genetic diversity; is random Meiosis provides independent assortment of chromosomes Unique combinations of genes Unique phenotypes may give a reproductive advantage to some organisms.

Crossing over during meiosis increases genetic diversity. Crossing over is the exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes. occurs during prophase I of meiosis I results in new combinations of genes http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0072835125/126997/animation5.html

Chromosomes contain many genes. The further apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the more likely they are to be separated by crossing over. Genes located close together on a chromosome tend to be inherited together, which is called genetic linkage. Genetic linkage allows the distance between two genes to be calculated.