Agenda For Today Quiz # 3 Notes  Riel and the Rebellion C:APH  “Batoche”, “The Trial”, “They Hanged Him” Northwest Rebellion worksheet Socials 10 5/3/2019

Quiz # 3 Whose dream was the National Dream? /1 What are 3 components of the National Policy? / 3 What does CPR stand for? /1 Name 2of the 3 things the CPR Syndicate received for their part in signing the deal to build the railroad? / 2 Who was Van Horne and what was his job within the CPR? /2 With examples, why was the CPR an unfair employer? /2 What historical event, led by Riel, bailed out the CPR? /1 What Fort in the St. Laurent area was already stationed with NWMP troops? /1 Socials 10 5/3/2019

Quiz # 3 - Answers Whose dream was the National Dream? /1 Macdonald What are 3 components of the National Policy? / 3 Tariffs, Settlement, CPR What does CPR stand for? /1 Canadian Pacific Railway Name 2of the 3 things the CPR Syndicate received for their part in signing the deal to build the railroad? / 2 $25 million, 25 Million acres, free rail rides for 20 years Who was Van Horne and what was his job within the CPR? /2 General Manager, speed up construction With examples, why was the CPR an unfair employer? /2 cheap labour, poor conditions, little pay … What historical event, led by Riel, bailed out the CPR? /1 Northwest Rebellion What Fort in the St. Laurent area was already stationed with NWMP troops? /1 Fort Carlton Socials 10 5/3/2019

Review From Last Day Many Métis left Manitoba in the early 1870s Lived along North and South Saskatchewan Rivers By 1884, many Native peoples were starving Riel returned to Canada to fight for justice on behalf of his people Ottawa’s only forces was Superintendent Lief Crozier’s small group of North West Mounted Police (NWMP) officers at Fort Carlton Riel captures Fort Carlton Socials 10 5/3/2019

Métis Concerns Indian Act of 1876 dictated every way of life Forced to live on reserves Mandatory attendance in residential schools Potlatches banned! Wanted the rights to the land they had been promised in 1870 (creation of Manitoba) Land surveyors arrived in Red River to create grid patterned plots (over their long lots) Wanted assistance in becoming farmers and received none Europeans were arriving and claiming Métis land

Government’s agenda John A. Macdonald Wanted to keep the 6.4 million hectares of farmland for European farmers Government wanted to make $71 million from sale of these lands Did not want to ‘give up’ expensive land to Métis Wanted to keep land to for the CPR tracks.

Métis Leaders Military leader Political leader and spokesperson Gabriel Dumont Louis Riel Military leader Political leader and spokesperson

Louis Riel returns to Red River in 1884 He had heard of the troubles to First Nations and Métis were having and came to help petition the government. Riel and others write the Métis Bill of Rights: List of grievances Included concerns of non-Métis people in the Northwest

First Nations Leaders Big Bear Crowfoot Poundmaker

Events: Three main battles: 1) Duck Lake: March 26, 1885 12 NWMP died, 25 wounded 2) Fish Creek: April 24, 1885 300 Métis stop advance of 1600 militia soldiers 3) Batoche: May 9, 1885 Dumont and Métis held Canadian military for three days, but were forced to surrender on May 15th. Riel surrenders, Dumont escapes.

5.7 Riel and the Rebellion Riel and the Métis set up another provisional government in Batoche 1) Duck Lake NWMP and Dumont meet at Duck Lake Riel is riding around like a crazy person getting shot at waving a cross in the air Dumont wins, NWMP retreat and Dumont wants to chase each one down and kill them Socials 10 5/3/2019

5.7 Riel and the Rebellion 2) CPR to the Rescue Troops arrive in the area within 10 days 5000 soldiers, militia and Mounties are directed by General Middleton Socials 10 5/3/2019

5.7 Riel and the Rebellion 3) Battle of Batoche Dumont fights to a standstill but Middleton brings out US Gatling Gun 3 days of fighting- Métis use enemy bullets dug into walls, later nails, buttons, and rocks Riel surrenders, Dumont escapes and joins Buffalo Bills Wild West show in USA Socials 10 5/3/2019

Trial of Louis Riel Louis was charged with ‘high treason’ against the Canadian government His lawyers tried to convince him to plead not guilty by reason of insanity Louis disagreed with his lawyers... The jury had no choice but to charge Louis with high treason, he contradicted his defense

Verdict and Results The six white Protestant men convicted Louis Riel guilty of treason Along with the judge, the jury pleaded for clemency The Canadian gov’t refused and Louis Riel was hanged on November 7, 1885 in Regina On November 7th, 1885 Donald Smith drove in Last Spike of CPR - 5 years ahead of schedule On November 16th, 9 days later, Riel climbed the gallows and dropped to his death

The Gallows Socials 10 5/3/2019

Results after the rebellion The CPR was now seen as necessary by the Canadian people as it was used to transport troops Gabriel Dumont escaped to the United States and Louis Riel was arrested The Canadian gov’t successfully put down the rebellion with their military and the CPR

Results Louis Riel is seen as a martyr for the Métis People, by the Métis people. 81 First Nations were hanged with treason or murder, and 44 were convicted Métis and First Nations were discriminated against by the European population The CPR was seen by Canadian public as necessary; therefore, the CPR received more government funding to be completed.

We’re Done! Chapter 5 Review On the Chapter 5 Review (blue) paper handed to you, please answer as a class the key information for the important people and events. Use specific dates, and all ‘major’ information from your work and textbook.