The Spirit of Reform 1820 - 1850.

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Presentation transcript:

The Spirit of Reform 1820 - 1850

Shift in Focus: Political Needs > Social Needs

Education Horace Mann-free public education Noah Webster- the American Spelling Book William McGuffy *readers/uniform language State Universities Catherine Beecher *education for women Adult education *free public libraries

Prisoners & the Disabled Louis Braille *blind children to read by touch Dorothea Dix *mentally ill, insane

Women’s Rights Susan B. Anthony Carrie Chapman Catt Seneca Falls Convention – 1848 Declaration of Sentiments “We hold these truths to self-evident, that all men AND women are created EQUAL”

Abolition Frederick Douglass *North Star *Political Methods William Lloyd Garrison *The Liberator

Abolition New England Led Theodore Weld Sarah & Angelina Grimke – S.C.

Abolition Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman

Abolition Slave Revolts Nat Turner Denmark Vesey Result: tighter restrictions, slave codes Hidden Protests Slave Songs

Second Great Awakening Strengthening existing religions Utopian Communities *Shakers *Brook Farm