PARTII: COMPLEX ANIMALS CHAPTER 8

Ch 7 and 8 Outline INVERTEBRATES VERTEBRATES 7. Phylum: Arthropods Phylum: Sponges Phylum: Stinging cell Phylum: Flatworm Phylum: Roundworm Phylum: Segmented worms Phylum: Mollusk (soft-bodied) 7. Phylum: Arthropods Class Insecta Arachnid Crustacean 8. Phylum: Echinoderms Starfish VERTEBRATES Phylum: Chordate Class Jawless Fish Cartilage Fish Bony Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

Arthropods (Jointed-legs) Invertebrate Largest phyla (3/4 of all animals on earth!!) Exoskeleton Segmented body Head Thorax Abdomen Bilateral symmetry Appendages Legs, wings, antennae Grow by molting

1. Arthropod Class: Arachnid 8 legs ( 4 pairs) No antennae 2 body segments Spiders, scorpions, ticks

1. Arthropod Class: Insecta 6 legs (3 pairs) 3 body segments 2 pairs of wings (most)

1. Arthropod Class: Crustacea Sowbug Mostly Marine animals 2 pairs of Antennae 4 pairs of walking legs Some...1 pair of “pinchers” Crab, lobster, shrimp, crayfish Crayfish

Spiny-skin animals (a.k.a. Echinoderm) Radial symmetry “Spines” on skin 5-part body Tube feet used for movement, feeding, attachment. Example: starfish Tube feet

Vertebrates *(Chordates) Backbone Endoskeleton Most complex of all animals 7 Classes of Vertebrates

1. Jawless Fish All aquatic (live in water) Cold-blooded Breathe with gills No jaws No scales (smooth skin) No bone Made of cartilage Ex: Lamprey parasitic Lamprey

2. Cartilage Fish Skeleton made of Cartilage Jaws, scales, and paired fins Examples: Sharks rays

3. Bony Fish Largest class of fish Skeletons are made of bone Swim bladder Fills with gas….floats Empties…sinks

4. Amphibians Lives on water and on land (webbed feet) Cold-blooded (may hibernate) Fertilization in water. Why? Breathe = lungs and/or gills, and thru skin Can be poisonous…(poison dart frog) Tree Frog Salamander

5. Reptiles Dry scaly skin Cold-blooded Terrestrial (live and reproduce on land) Eggs with shell…why important? Most have claws Anaconda killing a crocodile

6. Birds Warm blooded Wings, beak, 2 legs Feathers Shelled eggs No teeth…beak adapted to food Hollow bones Why important? Ostrich: World’s largest bird

7. Mammals Warm blooded Females : mammary gland Hair (whales and dolphins???) Develop offspring inside the body, except… Kangaroo: pouch Platypus: egg-laying

Examples of mammals... How are whales & dolphins different than other mammals? What are their adaptations?