Thursday, November 3, 2016 Test next Wednesday! Cancer Reading Assignment Due Immortal Cancer Cells - #6 STAMP Cancer Sniffing Dog - #7 STAMP PLACE ON CORNER OF DESK Grab notes from entry table. Test next Wednesday!

Bell-Ringer 11/7 Place your phone in a pocket!!!! Muahahahaha Complete the DNA: The Molecule of Heredity paper. Complete the DNA Replication paper.

What do all these organisms have in common? Mushroom Jellyfish Diatoms Shark DNA Flower Panda Bear Algae Venus Fly Trap E. coli

DNA We will describe the structure of DNA molecule, DNA replication, and the scientists who contributed to the research and discovery of DNA. I will create a complementary base pairs to the given DNA strand.

What is DNA? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1YDTOcAVJrE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwibgNGe4aY

DNA FUN FACTS

600 Your DNA could stretch from the earth to the sun 600 times.

99.9% We’re all 99.9 percent alike

3 Billion = 3,000,000,000 The human genome contains 3 billion base pairs of DNA.

3% Only 3% of your genes (DNA) are useful the rest of 97% are considered “Junk” DNA.

50% Bananas and humans share about half of the same DNA which means humans are 50% identical to bananas.

DNA scientists to know Rosalind Franklin – Discovered the structure of DNA using X-ray Diffraction

DNA scientists to know James Watson and Francis Crick- Created a 3D model of DNA and described the DNA as Double Helix and two strands that folds in twisted ladder.

Erwin Chargaff (1950) 1950, formation of “Chargaff’s Rules” which are as follows: Number of adenine or A are always equal to the number of thymine or T Number of guanine or G are always equal to the number of cytosine or C

DNA Base Pairing Rules Chargaff’s rule: % of A = % of T % of C= % of G Adenine pairs with Thymine Guanine pairs with Cytosine A-T; G-C “Cars are parked in the Garage” “Apple grows on Trees”

Find the complementary sequence to the following “A-A-T-C-C-G-A-T-A-G-C” T-T-A-G-G-C-T-A-T-C-G C-C-A-G-G-A-C-T-C-G-C T-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-T-G-C A

DNA Scientists https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35FwmiPE9tI

What is the complimentary DNA strand: 5’ATGCCATAGCCT3’ Bell-Ringer 11/4 What is the complimentary DNA strand: 5’ATGCCATAGCCT3’

11/2-PHONES IN POCKETS Glue the DNA Labeling paper into your journal, and begin working on it! QUIZ RE-TAKES Friday-Tuesday (BEFORE SCHOOL or AFTER SCHOOL) DNA SCIENTIST AND STRUCTURE QUIZ TOMORROW!

DNA- Deoxyribonucleic Acid

What does the shape of DNA look like? or comb Ladder

Structure of DNA The structure of DNA is known as Double Helix   The structure of DNA is known as Double Helix Which means that it is a Double strand folded in Twisted Ladder

What is DNA? DNA= Genetic code of life DNA is the Universal code, common to all living organisms. DNA contains Genetic information of an organism. Genes: Sections of DNA that codes for specific cell function.

DNA is found in: Nucleus of Eukaryotes Chloroplast Cytoplasm of Prokaryotes Mitochondria Chloroplast

Parts of DNA

“Peanut butter Sandwich” Parts of a Nucleotide DNA belongs to the biomolecule: Nucleic Acid DNA is made of subunits called Nucleotide Which is made up of Phosphate group, Deoxyribose Sugar, and Nitrogenous Base. “Peanut butter Sandwich”

Parts of a Nucleotide Nitrogenous Base Sugar Phosphate group (Deoxyribose)

If DNA looks like a ladder then… What 2 parts makes the backbone of DNA? What parts make the rung? What bond (H-bond) holds the rungs together? backbone Rung

Parts of DNA Phosphate group & Deoxyribose Sugar The backbone of DNA ladder is made of: Phosphate group & Deoxyribose Sugar The rungs of DNA are made of: Nitrogenous Bases There are 4 nitrogenous bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine (A pairs with T and G pairs with C) The bases are held together by Hydrogen Bond

Nitrogen bases= codes for our trait There are 4 letters in the DNA sequence ATA CGC= nail protein

DNA Base Pairing Rules- (Bottom left tab) Chargaff’s rule: % of A = % of T % of C= % of G Adenine pairs with Thymine Guanine pairs with Cytosine A-T; G-C “Cars are parked in the Garage” “Apple grows on Trees”

Questions?

DNA Replication Replication= Copying The DNA Replication model is known as Semi conservative Model Meaning you get 1OLD strand and 1 New strand Old New Old New

DNA Replication Hydrogen bonds are unzipped by DNA helicase. Replication fork-site of DNA unzipping DNA replication occurs in 5’ (prime) to 3’ (prime) direction. DNA polymerase pairs free nucleotides to each original unzipped strand.

RESULT: Two identical strands of DNA Leading Strand: Replication in the same direction as replication fork  Lagging strand: Replication away from the replication fork Also known as Okazaki Fragment

DNA Replication https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qSrmeiWsuc http://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~biotext/animations/replication1.swf

11/3-PHONES IN POCKETS FOR QUIZ! Begin working on the Genes & Chromosomes warm-up, and glue into your journal. Cell Cycle Quiz Re-Takes: Today-Tuesday! DNA Replication Quiz on Monday!

Phosphate Group: Green Deoxyribose Sugar: Purple Thymine: Yellow DNA Replication Phosphate Group: Green Deoxyribose Sugar: Purple Thymine: Yellow Adenine: Pink Cytosine: Red Guanine: Blue