Polyphenism in Insects Stephen J. Simpson, Gregory A. Sword, Nathan Lo  Current Biology  Volume 21, Issue 18, Pages R738-R749 (September 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.006 Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 The catkin (left) and twig (right) morphs in caterpillars of the moth Nemoria arizonaria (photo courtesy of Erik Greene). Current Biology 2011 21, R738-R749DOI: (10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.006) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 The solitarious (left) and gregarious (right) forms of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria (photo courtesy of Gabriel Miller). Current Biology 2011 21, R738-R749DOI: (10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.006) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Horned and hornless males of the dung beetle Onthagophagus nigriventris (photo courtesy of Doug Emlen). Current Biology 2011 21, R738-R749DOI: (10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.006) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Winged and wingless forms of female pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum (photo courtesy of Jennifer Brisson). Current Biology 2011 21, R738-R749DOI: (10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.006) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Reproductive poylphenism in social insects. A queen honeybee (Apis mellifera, marked in white) surrounded by her worker offspring (left; photo courtesy of Ben Oldroyd.) Caste polyphenism in the termite Reticulitermes speratus (right). Mature colonies of this species typically contain a single king (pigmented individual) with numerous neotenic (secondary reproductive) female queens, which are parthenogenetically produced daughters of the founding queen (which dies relatively early in colony development). Several workers at different larval stages (unspecialized) and two soldiers (defensive head and mandibles) are also shown. (Photo courtesy of Kenji Matsuura.) Current Biology 2011 21, R738-R749DOI: (10.1016/j.cub.2011.06.006) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd Terms and Conditions