The 2nd Industrial Revolution

The Main Idea During the late 1800s, new technology and inventions led to the growth of industry, the rise of big business, and revolutions in transportation and communication.

Steel 115,000 tons of steel in 1873 24,000,000 tons of steel by 1910 Extremely cheap Used for railroad locomotives, rails, and bridges

Railroads Lands given to railroad companies by government Transcontinental Railroad finished on May 10, 1869 Creation of time zones in the U.S.

Streetcars

Subways Needed a solution to large amounts of street traffic 1st Subway in Boston in 1891 New York- 1904

Automobiles 1893 first motorcar built by the Duryea brothers Ford would soon lead the way

Airplanes Wright Brothers flew at Kitty Hawk, NC on December 17, 1903 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uT2dQB_OgFE

Big Business Capitalism led to competitive, private owned companies Companies worked without government restrictions *Social Darwinism

Corporations Owned by people- buy and sell stocks Formed trusts- partnerships with other corporations Trusts tried to take total control over products--Monopolies

John D. Rockefeller Owned Standard Oil Donated lots of money towards education

Andrew Carnegie Immigrant from Scotland Controlled much of the steel business Donated to public libraries & education

Cornelius Vanderbilt Invested in railroads and shipping Donated large amounts to education

Growth of Unions

Growth of Unions Working Conditions were poor Workers united to strike Companies brought in guards/Federal troops to suppress the strikers

Communication Telegraphs- messages sent over wires using Morse code. Used at railroad stations

Telephone Alexander Graham Bell patented design in 1876. By 1900, 1 million phones in use. **Antonio Meucci

Thomas Edison Created first lightbulb Create electric power plant and first lighting system Had more than 1,000 patents

*Create your own cluster map on the characteristics of the revolution