Review #7: WWI – WWII in the United States Pg. 28 & 29

World War I (WWI) 1914 - 1919 US is a neutral nation (but favored democratic nations) Most Americans wanted to stay out of the war US enters in 1917

Historical Circumstances (Causes) U.S. Foreign Policy at the start of WWI =NEUTRALITY ***Freedom of Seas violated U.S. is a neutral nation  should be able to trade freely Sinking of the Lusitania Zimmerman telegram

At the outbreak of World War I in 1914, most Americans believed that their country should stay out of the war sending direct aid to Russia was necessary and desirable the government should immediately declare war against Germany the government should be more concerned with conditions in the Far East than with events in Europe The United States entered World War I mainly because the United States wanted to protect its colonial empire in the Pacific Ocean area believed that its rights as a neutral nation had been violated was required by treaty obligations to aid France and Great Britain suffered a direct military attack

Impact of WWI Draft (Selective Service Act) Civil liberties are limited Schenck v. United States US becomes leading creditor nation Economy booming; leading industrial nation US does not join League of Nations or ratify Treaty of Versailles (scared of foreign entanglements)

a just and lasting peace the containment of fascism President Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points were proposals that he believed would bring about a just and lasting peace the containment of fascism a reduction in United States involvement in world affairs a reestablishment of the prewar political situation in Europe The United States Senate rejected United States membership in the League of Nations after World War I mainly because its Senate opponents feared that membership would infringe upon United States national sovereignty believed that membership would end United States participation in military alliances did not wish to give financial aid to an international organization were more concerned about the domestic problems created by the Great Depression

Great Depression High Unemployment + Low Demand = Economic Depression 1929-1941 (WWII)

Historical Circumstances (Causes) WWI  booming economy & desire to “return to normalcy” Laissez- faire policy – “the business of America is business” (Coolidge) Roaring Twenties Mass Consumption & buying on credit Weak banking structure and world economy

Impact of the Great Depression Unemployment = homelessness, poverty Hoovervilles, Dust Bowl FDR & the NEW DEAL Relief, recovery, reform (domestic program) Alphabet agencies; example: FDIC, AAA Helped people cope with Great Depression Restored confidence in the government ********Government assumed a stronger role and responsibility for the citizens*********

The most immediate goal of the New Deal programs proposed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt was to have the states assume responsibility for relief programs control wages and prices conserve natural resources provide work for the unemployed A major difference between the programs of the Presidential administrations of the 1920s and the programs of the New Deal was that the New Deal eliminated job discrimination for women and minorities emphasized Federal Government involvement in the economy encouraged rugged individualism promoted supply-side economics

World War II (WWII) 1939-1945 U.S. enters in 1941 after Pearl Harbor Tried to stay neutral until direct attack

Historical Circumstances (Causes) Great Depression (in U.S. & globally) Rise of Hitler & fascist governments Appeasement fails US relationship with Japan deteriorates *****Pearl Harbor ******* (direct attack)

Impact of WWII During WWII: After WWII: U.S. is a superpower Cold War women in the workforce Japanese-American internment After WWII: U.S. is a superpower Cold War Containment!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, Korea, Vietnam Baby Boom (1950s) Prosperity & Suburbanization (1950s) Civil Rights (1950s-1960s) & Women’s Rights Movements (1960s-1970s)