Joint Helicopter Safety Implementation Team (JHSIT) Latin America Regional International Helicopter Safety Symposium June 2007 São Paulo, Brazil

Overview Membership The Goal Implementation Tools Leverage Initial JHSAT Recommendations Cultural Change The Work Ahead Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Name Organization Hooper Harris Co-Chair FAA, Manager, Commuter, On Demand and Training Center Branch Gregory F. Wyght Vice President, Safety & Quality, CHC Helicopter Corporation Brian Jenner President & CEO, Helicopter Association of Canada Del Livingston Eurocopter Fred Brisbois Sikorsky, Director, Aviation & Product Safety Mike Hurst PHI, Chief Pilot Ray Wall Bristow, Western Hemisphere Helicopter Services Director Quality & Safety BJ Raysor Arkansas Children's Hospital Keith Johnson Airborne Law Enforcement Association Mark Fojtek Silver State Helicopters, LLC Tom Judge Executive Director, Life Flight of Maine Randy Rowles Bell Helicopter Textron Mike Frank Commuter, On Demand and Training Center Branch

Factors That Led To Breakthroughs in Major Fatal Accident Rates Since 1946 Pressurized Aircraft into fleet (L-049, DC-6 & B-377) Earliest ILS (Glide slope, LOC & markers) Broad implementation of VOR and DME Radar introduced at selected towers Vickers-700 Turboprop (1953 in UK, 1956 US) DC-7 (1955), Lockheed Electra ATC centers RADAR and radio contact with cruise aircraft 1949-55 Long-Range radar (Centers) Jet Engine; 707 (1958) & DC-8 VOR/DME integrated into autopilot (precision approaches) Secondary radar Major Fatal Accidents Per Million Departures FMS CRM & 6-Axis Simulator & FDR Windshear Cabin Safety RNAV (processing VOR/DME & basic Instruments) GPWS, TCAS; Early automation FOQA/ASAP & ATC Data RJ Revolution New Large Jets Cooperative safety agenda At several points, major breakthroughs cut the fatal accident rate by about half in just 5 or 6 years. With few exceptions, technology explains those past breakthroughs. Changes were implemented most quickly when the economic case was compelling. Will focus on several selected factors. Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Implementation Tools Rules/Regulations Standards Policies Guidance Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Rules/Regulations Usually sets a May be tied to a Standard Requirement, Prohibition, a Procedure, or, Provides Information May be tied to a Standard The best regulations are Foundational Adaptable Typically cumbersome to change – on purpose Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Standards A description of acceptable performance or characteristic for certification and ongoing operation Technical Standard Order Practical Test Standard ATC Procedures Airspace Design Failure to meet the standard after certification may be cause for re-examination Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Policies Usually contained within the regulatory agency Controls the application of standards, and hence, regulations, by the regulator Examples Restricted Category Aircraft Operating Limitations Check Airman Designation Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Guidance Provides the “school solution” for design, manufacture, operations, maintenance, and training Advisory Circulars Aeronautical Information Manual/ Aeronautical Information Publication Handbooks Training Aids Safety Alerts For Operators (SAFOs) Information For Operators (INFOs) Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Leverage If a rule specifies a performance, that rule can act as the fulcrum for policy which defines acceptable performance. Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Implementation of Safety Initiatives JHSAT interim recommendations: Promote the adoption of Safety Management Systems in the helicopter community. More consistent and comprehensive NTSB involvement and investigation needed in helicopter accidents. Reestablish the collection of worldwide helicopter fleet hour data as previously performed by the FAA. Establish a helicopter safety website to disseminate important information. Use proximity detection equipment in helicopters. Use flight recording devices and cockpit image recording systems in helicopters. Develop a strategy to improve pilot Aeronautical Decision Making. Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Cultural Change Drinking Smoking Seat belt use in automobiles Then - Otis Campbell / the Andy Griffith Show Now - MADD / Drinking and Driving Now – Enabling is out… Smoking Then - “Dive Bomber” starring Errol Flynn and Fred MacMurry Now – Second hand smoke / restaurants and bars Now - Advertising Seat belt use in automobiles Then – “Sissy” Now – Unacceptable not to use them Implementation of Safety Initiatives

Framework for Cultural Change - Safety Management System Scalable Adaptable Integrated Compliant IHST SMS Tool rollout for September IHSS 2007 Implementation of Safety Initiatives

The Work Ahead The Current JHSIT: Dealing with JHSAT recommendations based on US NTSB data Will develop processes and methods to implement foundational and technical recommendations Will share those processes with Regional JHSITs Implementation of Safety Initiatives

BALANCING COST OF SAFETY SEEKING THE ‘BUCKET’ Cost Of Safety Cost Due To Accidents Total Cost Business Cost Safety does not come without cost. Resources for safety must be balanced to ensure the best ‘bang for the buck’ A good safety program always operates in the ‘bucket’. Safety Program Costs

CONCERN Level of audience MOTIVATING RISK MITIGATION High RISK Low High Decrease Concern Decrease Risk Increase Concern Fad CONCERN Level of audience Data

International Helicopter Safety Team The Work Ahead International Helicopter Safety Team We must expand active participation beyond North America Regionality of risks and implementations Physical environment Business environment Political Environment National Regulators ICAO International Operators Regional JHSITs Implementation of Safety Initiatives

We are moving out on the foundational interim recommendations Summary We are moving out on the foundational interim recommendations We await the technical recommendations from the JHSAT due next month We look forward to working with the regional JHSITs We are committed to fostering the Cultural Change Implementation of Safety Initiatives

JHSIT CO-CHAIRS Hooper Harris US DOT/FAA Commuter, On Demand, and Training Center Branch 202-267-3437 (USA) hooper.harris@faa.gov Gregory F. Wyght Vice President, Safety & Quality CHC Helicopter Corporation 604-232-7428 (Canada) gwyght@chc.ca