Early Settlements and Cities

obsidian oasis import export complex society ziggurat city- state civilization

Obsidian: Volcanic black rock used by ancient people to make tools.

Oasis: A place in the desert that has a dependable source of water.

import: Goods brought in from another country.

export: Goods sent to another country for sale.

Complex society: A social system with a reliable food source, with established laws, customs and job specialization.

Ziggurat: A tall stepped tower built by the ancient Sumerians as a temple to a god.

City- state: A city and all the surrounding farm land.

Civilization: A population with ways of governing, forms of religion and centers of learning.

Developed forms of religion Ways of governing Civilization Developed forms of religion Centers of learning

FERTILE CRESCENT It lies in South West Asia. It extends from Israel (occupied Palestine) through Lebanon and Syria, all the way to the Persian Gulf. Some of the villages are among the oldest in the world.

JERICHO It was located in what is now known called as West Bank.

JERICHO One of the oldest settlements. It was an important trading center.

Jericho Early people were traders They traded extra grain for obsidian. Obsidian was used as a tool and a mirror.

Jericho Jericho was built on an oasis. The oasis provided traders and nomadic herders with water and a place to rest.

Jericho Water was a very important resource so the people built walls around the settlement to protect the water supply.

Jericho The people also built walls for protection. They built walls to protect floodwaters from their settlements

Jericho It was one of the world’s oldest settlements but it did not last. The people abandoned their settlements and experts do not know why.

Give 2 reasons why the people of Jericho built walls around their settlement

Çatal HÜyÜk Çatal HüyÜk is also an abandoned settlement. It is located in Turkey.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tGHR-kwjEsQ

Çatal HÜyÜk The people of Çatal HÜyÜk were involved in both hunting and farming.

The houses were very close together, and didn't’t have doors. Çatal HÜyÜk The houses were very close together, and didn't’t have doors. The people entered their houses through the roofs.

Çatal HÜyÜk The people were involved in importing and exporting. The lives of the people was very short.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5CyyGkYh4A

One of the world’s first cities was along the banks of two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates) The area where the cities were built was known as Mesopotamia (an area between two rivers)

Ur The city of Ur was located in Mesopotamia.

Ur The people had many specialized jobs. They lived in rectangular houses made of mud bricks and stone.

Ur became a strong city- state by taking control of nearby farming villages